《跟单信用证统一惯例》(UCP600与500)

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一. 国际商会制订的《跟单信用证统一惯例》(UCP500),现行版本是1993年修订本,经过十几年的使用,面对各方的挑战,现正在进行重要的调整和修改,以适应新形势下银行与贸易业务的需要。UCP600的主要变化有形式方面的变化,诸如:UCP600的条文编排参照ISP98的格式,对UCP500的 49个条款进行了大幅度的调整及增删,变成现在的39条。在内容上的变化,诸如:增加专门定义条款以体现UCP600细化规定的精神,对解释规则进行约定,力求使开证行、保兑行及指定银行的责任更为清晰、确定并规范第二通知行的做法,明确银行审单标准,将银行处理不符单据的选择增加到四种等等。
主要变化(1)形式方面的变化修订版的条文编排参照了ISP98的格式,对UCP500的49个条款进行了大幅度的调整及增删,变成现在的39条。

第1~5条为总则部分,包括UCP的适用范围、定义条款、解释规则、信用证的独立性等;第6~13条明确了有关信用证的开立、修改、各当事人的关系与责任等问题;第14~16条是关于单据的审核标准、单证相符或不符的处理的规定;第17~28条属单据条款,包括商业发票、运输单据、保险单据等;第29~32条规定了有关款项支取的问题;第33~37条属银行的免责条款;第38条是关于可转让信用证的规定;第39条是关于款项让渡的规定。

其中第2条(定义条款)和第15条(相符交单)为新增条款;删除了原UCP500中7个不必要或过时的条款:第5条(开立信用证的指示)、第6条(可撤销与不可撤销信用证)、第8条(信用证的撤销)、第12条(不完整与不清楚的指示)、第30条(运输行出具的运输单据)、第33条(运费到付/预付运输单据)、第38条(其他单据)。

(2)内容方面的变化①增加了专门的定义条款,体现了UCP600细化规定的精神,对一些术语作出定义不仅可以使概念明晰化,从而有利于条款的理解与适用,而且更可以解决一些地方法律适用的问题;引入了"Honour"(兑付)的概念;改进了议付的定义。

②约定了解释规则,摈弃了可撤销信用证。

③开证行、保兑行及指定银行的责任更清晰、确定,规范了第二通知行的做法。

5银行的审单标准更为明确。将审单时间从“不超过7个银行工作日的合理时间”改为“最多不超过5个银行工作日”;明确了交单期限的适用范围;将单据与信用证相符的要求细化为“单内相符、单单相符、单证相符”。

⑤将银行处理不符单据的选择增加到四种:

*持单听候交单人的处理;*持单直到开证申请人接受不符单据;*径直退单;*依据事先得到交单人的指示行事。此外还有其它多处修订,由于距离UCP600定稿还有一段时间,不便在此详细列举。业界人士应对UCP的修订及最终文本加以更多关注,以便尽早了解并适应新规则。
   
本次UCP600的出台对于现行的国际业务所引用的信用证规则来说有着重大的影响和意义,通过对于UCP600中所出现的变动的学习,国际业务从业人员对于UCP600的新变化和新规则提前有实际的认识。此外,通过积极钻研即将出台的UCP600,通过对生动的案例的学习和探讨,对于国际业务实践中的问题有了新的认识,对于规避风险,强化控制有着实际意义。
二.随着银行、运输、保险各行业的发展,自1994年开始生效适用的跟单信用证统一惯例——国际商会第500号出版物(UCP500)已经不能完全满足和适应实际业务的需要。由于UCP500在条款设置及措词方面存在一定不足,以及其他出版物如ISP98和ISBP中反映出的一些问题,推出新的统一惯例对信用证业务加以指引成为大势所趋。国际商会(ICC)显然也意识到了这个问题,因此于2003年正式成立新惯例起草工作小组并逐步展开统一惯例条款的修订工作。截至今年6月,已经推出了3版完整的征求意见稿,并拟命名为UCP600。在今年10月的ICC秋季会议上,各国国际商会国家委员会代表将对UCP600予以表决;如果顺利通过,2007年7月1日起新的统一惯例将正式生效。

目前,各国银行开立的信用证大多通过SWIFT电报传递。按照SWIFT口径统计,从全球范围看,信用证的使用量呈现下降趋势,2005年下降幅度约为2%。而我国作为全球加工生产中心贸易量持续上涨,因而信用证的使用也相应增加。鉴于信用证在我国的进出口结算中仍扮演重要角色,其使用者——广大进出口商需要很好的学习国际惯例,并根据惯例的改变调整其业务操作以便更好的保护自身利益。在此,谨对UCP600相比UCP500进行的重要变动加以分析,以帮助进出口商更好的理解和运用惯例的条款。
一、结构上的改变
UCP600在结构上有一个重要变化,即在第二、三两个条款集中归结了概念和某些词语在本惯例下的特定解释。对各当事方进行定义是一项很困难的工作,它牵扯到全行业的理解标准问题,但从惯例的整体结构来看会显得更加完整。把原本散落在各个条款中的解释定义归集在一起使全文变得清晰。从各关系方的定义来看,其责任和义务没有实质变化,但相比UCP500,UCP600在个别用词上更加清晰和简洁,并补充了一些UCP500中未加以明确的定义。这方面的调整对于企业,特别是涉足信用证业务不多的企业来讲,是一项有利的举措,因为这将更便于学习。在研读UCP600的过程中,需要尤其注重这些定义。明确惯例对各当事方的定义,才能更准确的把握信用证下各方的权利义务,也才能更好的保护自身利益。
UCP600在全文结构上的另一个变化是按照业务环节对条款进行了归结。简而言之,就是把通知、修改、审单、偿付、拒付等环节涉及的条款在原来UCP500的基础上分别集中,使得对某一问题的规定更加明确和系统化。这一点同样会大大方便使用者。当进行业务处理时,如果对某一环节不太清楚,使用者可以很方便的在UCP600中查到相关的规定,这比从UCP500纷繁复杂的条款中寻找要轻松的多。同时,在学习UCP600时,也可以对某一问题有一个周详的认识。同样的改进还出现在关于如何认定正本单据的规定方面——新的规定更加单纯而明确。

UCP600在结构上的变化借鉴了ISP98的模式,改变了原UCP500在次序排列上的不足,极大的方便了使用者。
二、重要的新定义
在UCP600的条款中,出现了两个十分重要的新定义,在此有必要对它们进行解释,以利于对惯例全貌的把握。
1、HONOUR:“兑付”这个词概括了开证行、保兑行、指定行在信用证下除议付以外的一切与支付相关的行为。仅从UCP600条款设计来看,这个定义的引入可以使其他条款的规定统一而简洁;深一层讲,可以认为国际商会在试图向这样一个方向努力:无论哪一种信用证,银行在信用证下的义务是同一性质的。从信用证使用角度,特别是从受益人角度来看,无疑是有利的。
2、COMPLYING PRESENTATION:在UCP600的条款中,专门规定了何为“相符的交单”,强调要与信用证条款、适用的惯例条款以及国际银行标准实务相符合。这一对“相符”的界定,可能会减少实务中对于单据不符点的争议。在审单标准条款中,进一步细化了这一规定。由于国际银行标准实务是一个广义的范畴,并不局限于国际商会645号出版物《关于审核跟单信用证项下单据的国际银行标准实务》,因此这一规定实际上仍存在一定的灵活性。而据悉645号出版物也将针对UCP600相应进行修订,因此我们还需要关注该出版物的情况。
这两个定义,特别是“HONOUR”很可能会出现在将来的信用证条款中,比如开证行给指定行的指示条款部分(SWIFT电文MT700第78场),需要各当事方在实务中加以注意,以判定开证行的承诺性质。
三、重大改变
在UCP600的条款中,有很多相对UCP500条款的实质变动,有些对进出口商可能会产生重要影响。
1、议付的定义。
UCP600对于议付的定义有别于UCP500,也与ICC关于“议付”的专门意见书有所不同。在新的定义中,明确了议付是对票据及单据的一种买入行为,并且明确是对受益人的融资——预付或承诺预付。定义上的改变承认了有一定争议的远期议付信用证的存在,同时也将议付行对受益人的融资纳入了受惯例保护的范围。议付的概念一直处于面临多种解释的尴尬境地,现在的规定可能仍难以在所有银行中达成统一意见,但对于受益人而言,获得支付或融资才是最终目的,因此,这一条款倒也简单明了。在明确了议付信用证的融资功能以后,是否要求提交汇票的争议恐怕会迎来新的高峰。
2、新增的融资许可。
除了在议付的定义中明确了其预付性质以外,UCP600还明确了开证行对于指定行进行承兑、做出延期付款承诺的授权,同时包含允许指定行进行提前买入的授权。这项规定旨在保护指定行在信用证下对受益人进行融资的行为。从各国法院对信用证案件的审理结果来看,在如何认定指定行的行为效力方面有很大的差异,比如在英国和美国的法律中,对于善意持票人的判定标准就有很大不同。这种状况直接决定了相关银行在信用证业务中的地位,进而影响当事银行叙作业务的意愿,也在一定程度上阻碍了信用证业务的顺利开展,更带来了一些理解上的混淆。国际商会在这项规定上的尝试,存在与各国的商法、票据法有所抵触的可能,但对于统一银行的操作方面有望取得进展。鉴于各国法院在处理信用证相关案件时,会很大程度上倾向遵循国际惯例,这样的规定是富有积极意义的。当然,如果开证行信誉不佳,或是进口国国家风险较高,出口商获得融资的可能并不会仅凭这个条款的存在而增加。
3、拒付后对单据的处理。
在UCP600的条款中,细化了拒付电中对单据处理的几种选择,其中包括一直以来极具争议的条款:“拒付后,如果开证行收到申请人放弃不符点的通知,则可以释放单据。”加入这一条款主要是考虑到受益人提交单据最基本的目的是获得款项,因此可以推定,如果申请人同意放弃不符点并支付,对受益人利益不会造成根本性的损害。特别是当受益人明知单据存在不符点,依然要求指定行向开证行寄送单据的情况下,隐含了其希望申请人接受不符点并支付款项的意愿。现实业务中,已经有银行在开立的信用证中加具此类条款,应该说其做法与现行的UCP500是矛盾的,并且容易引发纠纷,甚至导致诉讼。UCP600把这种条款纳入合理的范围内,符合了现实业务的发展,减少了因此产生纠纷的可能,并且有望缩短不符点单据处理的周期。当然,如果出口商出于各种考虑不愿意给予对方这种权利,可以在交单时明确表示此笔交单按照惯例中另一个选项来处理,即拒付后“单据按照交单人事先指示处理”,或者干脆要求进口商委托开立信用证时直接排除这一选项。对于进口商而言,如果因不符点单据准备拒付,也要同样注意向开证行查询对方在交单面函中有无额外指示,以免造成后续处理的不便,甚至因处理不当引发纠纷。
4、单据处理的天数。
关于开证行、保兑行、指定行在收到单据后的处理时间,在UCP500中规定为“合理时间,不超过收单翌日起第7个工作日”,而在UCP600中改为了“最多为收单翌日起第5个工作日”。首先,“合理时间”这一概念不复存在。当前业务中,经常出现处理时间是否“合理”的争议,这一概念受到当地行业惯例的影响,而一旦诉诸法律,还受到法官主观判断的影响,因此,围绕这一概念的纠纷不断发生。针对这种现状,UCP600把单据处理时间的双重判断标准简化为单纯的天数标准,使得判断依据简单化。其次,关于最长时限的缩短,总体来说对受益人更为有利。从进口商方面考虑,头寸调拨时间变短,特别是授信开证的公司,如果其内部手续繁杂,将可能会影响及时支付。当开证行发现不符点后,其与申请人接洽的时间相应变短;而如果出现交单面函指示不清等问题,与交单行的联系时间也受到压缩。因此,银行、公司各个环节的操作人员都要更加富有效率。对于出口商而言,在新的规定下有望更早收到头寸。虽然有银行反映,新的规定将导致所有支付均发生在收单翌日起第5个工作日而没有提前支付的余地,但至少支付底限是提前了。由于我国产品大量出口到东南亚及中东地区,而这些地区的银行业务处理普遍欠规范,新的规定有望帮助我国出口商提前收汇。
5、转让信用证。
转让信用证最大的变化在于UCP600中明确了第二受益人的交单必须经过转让行。此条款主要是为了避免第二受益人绕过第一受益人直接交单给开证行,损害第一受益人的利益;同时,这条规定也与其他关于转让行操作的规定相匹配。有人或许会担心新的规定导致环节增多,特别是在我国很多第一受益人只是贸易代理或拥有进出口权的母公司的情况下,反而会引起不便,这种担心是不必要的。现实业务中,如果第一受益人要求全额转让,不需支取差价的话,可以要求进口商开立信用证时排除此条款,或在要求转让行进行转让时,明确告知开证行第一受益人放弃换单权利。
此外,UCP600相比UCP500还有一个重要的条款改变,旨在保护没有过错的第二受益人。鉴于围绕转让信用证的争议很多,国际商会发布过一份专门针对转让信用证的指南,其中包含这样的规定:当第二受益人提交的单据与转让后的信用证一致,而因第一受益人换单导致单据与原证出现不符时,或者简单说单据不符仅由第一受益人造成时,转让行有权直接提交第二受益人的单据给开证行。这项规定保护了正当发货制单的第二受益人利益,剥夺了不当作为的第一受益人赚取差价的权利。此次UCP600吸纳了这个条款,也就明确了此类业务的处理方法,需要引起进出口各方的特别注意。
四、指示方责任
单从被指示方免责条款的内容来看,UCP600对于指示方并未加诸过多的新义务,其对被指示方的责任也并未增加。但从全文角度看,惯例对于指示方还是给予了很大压力的,这一部分主要是对进口商有影响。比如,对于发票、运单、保单以外的单据,如果并未规定出具人和单据内容,那么提交看上去满足所要求单据功能的单据即可。这比UCP500要求的“内容与其他单据不冲突”更为宽松,因此对于进口商,在给予开证行开证指示时,一定要注意措辞清晰,至少要明确自己需要的是什么层次的单据。
对于卖方市场货物的进口,进口商有时会迫于对方压力,按照对方要求拟写信用证申请,甚至不清楚信用证中规定的到底是何种单据,一旦受益人提交的单据产生问题,受害的肯定是进口商。业务操作中,出口商希望单据规定尽可能简单是很常见的,对于他的要求该否满足取决于单据的重要性。如果单据名称表面看来很模糊,或者单据十分重要,那么明确出具人或是规定单据内容是必要的。特别是现行的ISBP还规定,单据名称可以与信用证规定不一致,甚或没有名称。把UCP600的规定和现行ISBP规定合在一起理解,对于单据要求得过于简单恐怕难以达到进口商的预期目的。
对于信用证业务最初的发起人——申请人(进口商)而言,在业务中采取偏谨慎的态度是完全必要的。
其他方面诸如单据的出具人身份等,在新的UCP600中,也有不同程度上的变化,需要在制作和审核单据过程中,按照新的标准去做。从UCP600整体的角度看,对于单据的要求是逐渐宽松。
广大进出口商应该对UCP600的变化给予足够的重视,特别是要注意自身在处理单据的环节中,是否有不符合新惯例的方面,未雨绸缪加以改进才能更好的保护自己的利益。


三.区别:

1.        银行单据处理的时间从7天缩短倒5天 0ND)X^8ZmY  
UCP500规定的处理单据的合理工作时间是在收单后7个工作日内,但是这个规定有点含糊不清。因此最新的UCP600就彻底抛弃含糊不清的“合理时间”,直接规定为不超过5个工作日。因此,考验了银行的工作能力,还有与企业之间各个环节工作人员的工作效率,对于我们企业而言,新的规定有望更早的收到头寸。 ^y  R   N  
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2.拒付后单据的处理 z     dHwU  
在UCP600的条款中,细化了拒付电中对单据处理的几种选择,其中包括一直以来极具争议的条款:“拒付后,如果开征行收到申请人放弃不符点的通知,则可以释放单据。”实践中,银行往往会因为在拒付通知中表明将“寻求进口人放弃不符点放单”而被法院认定为拒付无效。UCP600把这种条款纳入合理的范围内,符合了现实业务的发展,减少了因此产生纠纷的可能,并且有望缩短不符点单据处理的周期。如果出口商不愿意给予对方这种权利,可以在交单时明确指示按照惯例中另一个选项来处理,即拒付后“银行将按照先前收到的交单人指令行事”,后者干脆要求进口商委托开立信用证时直接排除这一选项。 )yrKavHr =  
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3.新增融资许可条款 \ 1U4b'7   
UCP600明确了开证行对于指定行进行承兑、做出延期付款承诺的授权,同时包含允许指定行进行提前买入的授权。UCP600这项规定存在与各国的商法、票据法有所抵触的可能,但鉴于各国法院在处理信用证相关案件时,会很大程度上倾向遵循国际惯例,在一定程度上,这一规定是富有积极意义的。 8/y07q  n1  
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4.单证相符的标准 N+3C4XI   
UCP600专门规定了何为“相符的交单”,将单据与信用证相符的要求细化为“单内相符,单单相符,单证相符”,强调要与信用证条款、适用的惯例条款以及国际银行标准实务相符合。对“相符”的明确界定,可以减少实务中对于单据不符点的争议。另外,UCP600要求单据内容必须在表面上具备所要求的单据的功能。 DIM Z>h H/  
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5.单据遗失风险承担   !HNt 4 ]  
UCP600规定如果发送“单证相符”的单据给开证行的银行是一家被指定银行,而单据在途中遗失,那么开证行有责任付款,前提是单据以信用证规定的方式寄送,即当信用证规定为挂号邮寄时,单据要按照那种方式寄送,而不是通过快递公司。如果信用证没有规定寄送单据的方式则指定行可以选择寄送单据的方式,风险仍由保兑行或者开证行承担,而不是受益人或指定行承担。 kv  #!i )a  
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6.受益人和申请人地址之处理 Kl8vU])JGT  
UCP600规定除信用证中规定的运输单据中的收货人或被通知方必须完全一致外,其他地方出现的受益人和申请人地址不需要一致(必须在同一个国家),电话、电传等详细联系资料银行不予理会,这些规定有望减少实务中的此类纠纷。  1 v{ ! gk  
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7.其他新规定 Jf h)0Yclp  
UCP600其他变化有:第28条规定,保险单可以显示任何出外条款;第38条规定转让信用证的第二受益人的交单必须经过转让行;增加了议付(negotiation)/兑付(honour)等重要定义;删除了可撤销信用证和货代提单等过时规定;海运提单和多联式运单条款有细微调整等。
2.        主要变化
        1、形式方面的变化
       修订版的条文编排参照了ISP98的格式,对UCP500的49个条款进行了大幅度的调整及增删,变成现在的39条。
       第1~5条为总则部分,包括UCP的适用范围、定义条款、解释规则、信用证的独立性等;
       第6~13条明确了有关信用证的开立、修改、各当事人的关系与责任等问题;
       第14~16条是关于单据的审核标准、单证相符或不符的处理的规定;
       第17~28条属单据条款,包括商业发票、运输单据、保险单据等;
       第29~32条规定了有关款项支取的问题;
       第33~37条属银行的免责条款;
       第38条是关于可转让信用证的规定;
       第39条是关于款项让渡的规定。
       其中第2条(定义条款)和第15条(相符交单)为新增条款;删除了原UCP500中7个不必要或过时的条款:第5条(开立信用证的指示)、第6条(可撤销与不可撤销信用证)、第8条(信用证的撤销)、第12条(不完整与不清楚的指示)、第30条(运输行出具的运输单据)、第33条(运费到付/预付运输单据)、第38条(其他单据)。
       2、内容方面的变化
       (1)增加了专门的定义条款,体现了UCP600细化规定的精神,对一些术语作出定义不仅可以使概念明晰化,从而有利于条款的理解与适用,而且更可以解决一些地方法律适用的问题;引入了"Honour"(兑付)的概念;改进了议付的定义。
       (2)约定了解释规则,摈弃了可撤销信用证。
       (3)开证行、保兑行及指定银行的责任更清晰、确定,规范了第二通知行的做法。
       (4)银行的审单标准更为明确。将审单时间从“不超过7个银行工作日的合理时间”改为“最多不超过5个银行工作日”;明确了交单期限的适用范围;将单据与信用证相符的要求细化为“单内相符、单单相符、单证相符”。
       (5)将银行处理不符单据的选择增加到四种:
          *持单听候交单人的处理;
          *持单直到开证申请人接受不符单据;
          *径直退单;
          *依据事先得到交单人的指示行事。
        此外还有其它多处修订,由于距离UCP600定稿还有一段时间,不便在此详细列举。业界人士应对UCP的修订及最终文本加以更多关注,以便尽早了解并适应新规则。

《跟单信用证统一惯例》(1993年修订本)
(国际商会第500号出版物)

A、总则与定义
  第一条  统一惯例的适用范围
  《跟单信用证统一惯例,1993年修订本》即,国际商会第500号出版物,适用于所有在信用证文本中标明按本惯例办理的跟单信用证(包 括本惯例适用范围内的备用信用证),除非信用证中另有明确规定,本惯例对一切有关当事人均具有约束力。
  第二条  信用证的含义
就本惯例而言,“跟单信用证”和“备用信用证”(以下统称“信用证”)意指一项约定,不论如何命名或描述,系指一家 银行(“开证行”)应客户(“申请人”)的要求和指示或以其自身的名义,在与信用证条款相符的条件下,凭规定的单据:
  Ⅰ.向第三者(“受益人”)或其指定人付款,或承兑并支付受益人出具的汇票,或
  Ⅱ.授权另一家银行付款,或承兑并支付该汇票,或
  Ⅲ.授权另一家银行议付。
  就本惯例而言,一家银行在不同国家设立的分支机构均视为另一家银行。
  第三条  信用证与合同
  a.就性质而言,信用证与可能作为其依据的销售合同或其它合同,是相互独立的两种交易。即使信用证中提及该合同,银行亦与该合同完全无 关,且不受其约束。因此,一家银行作出付款、承兑并支付汇票或议付及/或履行信用证项下其它义务的承诺,并不受申请人与开证行之间或与 受益人之间在已有关系下产生的索偿或抗辩的制约。
  b.受益人在任何情况下,不得利用银行之间或申请人与开证行之间的契约关系。
    第四条  单据与货物/服务/履约行为
  在信用证业务中,各有关当事人处理的是单据,而不是单据所涉及的货物、服务/或其它行为。
  第五条  开立或修改信用证的指示
  a.开证指示、信用证本身、对信用证的修改指示或修改书本身均必须完整和明确。
  为防止混淆和误解,银行应劝阻有关方:
  Ⅰ.勿在信用证或其任何修改书中,加注过多细节
  Ⅱ.在指示开立、通知或保兑一个信用证时,勿引用先前开立的信用证(参照前证),而该前证受到已被接受及/或未被接受的修改所约束。
  b.有关开立信用证的一切指示和信用证本身,如有修改时,有关修改的一切指示和修改书本身都必须明确表明据以付款、承兑或议付的单据。

                      B、信用证的形式与通知
第六条   可撤销信用证与不可撤销信用证
  a.信用证可以是:
  Ⅰ.可撤销的,或
  Ⅱ.不可撤销的。
  b.因此信用证上应明确注明是可撤销的或是不可撤销的。
  c.如无此项注明,应视为不可撤销的。
第七条   通知行的责任
  a.信用证可经另一家银行(“通知行”)通知受益人,但通知行无须承担付款承诺之责任。如通知行决定通知,就应合理审慎地核验所通知的信 用证的表面真实性。如通知行决定不通知,就必须不延误地告知开证行。
  b.如通知行不能确定信用证的表面真实性,就必须不延误地告知发出该指示的银行,说明本行不能确定该信用证的真实性。如通知行仍决定通 知,则必须告知受益人本行不能核对信用证的真实性。
  第八条   信用证的撤销
  a.可撤销的信用证可以由开证行随时修改或撤销,不必事先通知受益人。
  b.然而,开证行必须做到:
  Ⅰ.对办理可撤销信用证项下即期付款、承兑或议付的另一家银行,在其收到修改或撤销通知之前已凭表面与信用证条款相符的单据作出的任何 付款、承兑或议付者,予以偿付;
  Ⅱ.对办理可撤销信用证项下延期付款的另一家银行,在其收到修改或撤销通知之前已接受表面与信用证条款相符的单据者,予以偿付。
    第九条   开证行与保兑行的责任
  a.对不可撤销的信用证而言,在信用证规定的单据全部提交指定银行或开证行,并且这些单据又符合信用证条款的规定时,便构成开证行的确定承诺:
  Ⅰ.对即期付款的信用证--开证行应即期付款;
  Ⅱ.对延期付款的信用证--开证行应按信用证规定所确定的到期日付款;
  Ⅲ.对承兑信用证,分两种情况:
  (a)凡汇票由开证行承兑者--开证行应承兑受益人出具的以开证行为付款人的汇票,并于到期日支付票款;或
  (b)凡汇票由另一受票银行承兑者--如信用证上规定的受票银行对以其为付款人的汇票不予承兑时,应由开证行承兑并在到期日支付受益人出具的以开证行为付款人的汇票;或者,如受票银行对汇票已承兑,但到期不付时,则开证行应予支付;
  Ⅳ.对议付信用证--开证行应根据受益人依照信用证出具的汇票及/或提交的单据向出票人及/或善意持票人履行付款,不得追索。开立信用 证时不应以信用证申请人作为汇票付款人。如信用证仍规定汇票付款人为申请人,银行将视此汇票为附加的单据。
  b.根据开证行的授权或要求另一家银行(“保兑行”)对不可撤销信用证加具保兑,当信用证规定的单据提交到保兑行或任何另一家指定银行 时,在单据符合信用证规定的情况下,则构成保兑行在开证行的承诺之外的确定承诺,即:
  Ⅰ.对即期付款的信用证--保兑行应即期付款;
  Ⅱ.对延期付款的信用证--保兑行应按信用证规定所确定的到期日付款;
  Ⅲ.对承兑信用证,分两种情况:
  (a)凡汇票由保兑行承兑者--保兑行应承兑受益人出具的以保兑行为付款人的汇票,并于到期日支付票款,或
  (b)凡汇票由另一受票银行承兑者--如信用证规定的受票银行对于以其为付款人的汇票不予承兑,则应由保兑行承兑并在到期日支付受益人出具的以保兑行为付款人的汇票,或者,如受票银行对汇票已承兑但到期不付者,则保兑行应予支付。
  Ⅳ.对议付信用证--保兑行应根据受益人依照信用证出具的汇票及/或提交的单据,对出票人及/或善意持票人予以议付,不得追索。开立信 用证时不应以信用证申请人作为汇票付款人。如信用证仍规定汇票付款人为申请人,银行将视此汇票为附加的单据。
  c.
  Ⅰ.如开证行授权或要求另一家银行对信用证加具保兑,而该银行不准备照办时,就必须不延误地告知开证行。
  Ⅱ.除非开证行在其授权或要求加具保兑的指示中另有专门规定,否则通知行可以不加保兑就把未经保兑的信用证通知给受益人。
  d.
Ⅰ.除本惯例第48条另有规定外,凡未经开证行、保兑行(如有)以及受益人同意,不可撤销信用证既不能修改也不能撤销。
  Ⅱ.自发出信用证修改书之时起,开证行就不可撤销地受本行发出的修改的约束。保兑行可将其保兑承诺扩展至修改内容,且自其通知该修改之 时起,即不可撤销地受修改的约束。然而,保兑行可选择仅将修改通知受益人而不对其加具保兑,但必须不延误地将此情况通知开证行和受益 人。
  Ⅲ.在受益人向通知修改的银行表示接受该修改内容之前,原信用证(或先前已接受修改的信用证)的条款对受益人仍然有效。受益人应发出接 受修改或拒绝接受修改的通知。如受益人未提供上述通知,当他提交给指定银行或开证行的单据与信用证以及尚未表示接受的修改的要求一致 时,则该事实即视为受益人已作出接受修改的通知,并从此时起,该信用证已作了修改。
  Ⅳ.对同一修改通知中的修改内容不允许部分接受,因而,部分接受修改内容当属无效。
  第十条   信用证的种类
    a.一切信用证均须明确表示它适用于即期付款、延期付款、承兑抑或议付。
  b.
  Ⅰ.除非信用证规定只能由开证行办理这项业务,否则一切信用证均须指定某家银行(称:“指定银行”)并授权其付款、承担延期付款责任、 承兑汇票或议付。对自由议付的信用证,任何银行均可为指定银行。
  单据必须提交给开证行或保兑行(如有)或其它任何指定银行。
  Ⅱ.议付意指被授权议付的银行对汇票及/或单据付出对价。仅审核单据而未付对价者,不构成议付。
  c.除非指定银行是保兑行,否则,开证行的指定并不能使被指定银行负有付款、承诺延期付款、承兑汇票或议付的责任。除非指定银行已明确同 意并告知受益人,否则,它收受及/或审核及/或转交单据的行为,并不意味着它对付款、承担延期付款责任、承兑汇票或议付负有责任。
  d.如开证行指定另一家银行、或允许任何银行议付、或授权、或要求另一家银行加具保兑,开证行即据此分别授权上述银行凭表面与信用证条款 相符的单据办理付款、承兑汇票或者议付,并保证依照本惯例对上述银行予以偿付。
    第十一条   电讯传递的信用证与预先通知的信用证
  a.
   Ⅰ.当开证行使用密码证实的电讯方式指示通知行通知信用证或修改信用证时,该电讯即视为有效的信用证文件或有效的修改书,不应再寄送电 报证实书。如仍寄送证实书,则该证实书当属无效,通知行也没有义务将证实书与所收到的以电讯方式传递的有效信用证文件或有效的修改书进 行核对。
  Ⅱ.若该电讯说明“详情后告”(或类似词语)或声明嗣后寄出的证实书将是有效的信用证文件或有效的修改,则该电讯系无效的信用证文件或修改书。开证行必须不延误地向通知行寄送有效的信用证文件或有效的修改书。
  b.如一家银行利用另一家通知行的服务将信用证通知给受益人,它也必须利用同一家银行的服务通知修改书。
  c.只有准备开立有效信用证或修改书的开证行,才可以对不可撤销信用证开立或修改书发出预先通知书。除非开证行在其预先通知书中另有规定,否则,发出预先通知的开证行应不可撤销地保证不延误地开出或修改信用证,且条款不能与预先通知书相矛盾。
    第十二条   不完整或不清楚的指示  
如所收到的有关通知、保兑或修改信用证的指示不完整或不清楚,则被要求执行该指示的银行可以给受益人一份预先通知,仅供其参考,但该行不负任何责任。该预先通知书应清楚地声明本通知书仅供参考,且通知行不承担责任。但通知行必须将所采取的行动告知开证行,并要求开证行 提供必要的内容。
  开证行必须不延误地提供必要的内容。只有通知行收到完整明确的指示,并准备执行时,方得通知、保兑或修改信用证。


C、责任与义务
  第十三条   审核单据的标准
  a.银行必须合理小心地审核信用证上规定的一切单据,以便确定这些单据是否表面与信用证条款相符合。本惯例所体现的国际标准银行实务是确 定信用证所规定的单据表面与信用证条款相符的依据。单据之间表面不一致,即视为表面与信用证条款不符。
  信用证上没有规定的单据,银行不予审核。如果银行收到此类单据,应退还交单人或将其照转,但对此不承担责任。
  b.开证行、保兑行(如有),或代其行事的指定银行,应有各自的合理的审单时间--不得超过从其收到单据的翌日起算七个银行工作日,以便 决定是接受或拒绝接受单据,并相应地通知寄单方。
  c.如信用证含有某些条件而未列明需提交与之相符的单据者,银行将认为未列明此条件,对此不予理会。
  第十四条   不符点单据与通知事宜
  a.当开证行授权另一家银行依据表面符合信用证条款的单据付款、承担延期付款责任、承兑汇票或议付时,开证行和保兑行(如有),应承担下列责任:
  Ⅰ.对已付款、已承担延期付款责任、已承兑汇票或已作议付的指定银行予以偿付。
  Ⅱ.接受单据。
  b.开证行及/或保兑行(如有),或代其行事的指定银行,收到单据后,必须仅以单据为依据,确定这些单据是否表面与信用证条款相符。如与信用证条款不符,上述银行可以拒绝接单。
  c.如开证行已确定单据表面与信用证条款不符,它可以自行确定联系申请人,请其对不符点予以接受,但是,这样做不能借此延长第13条(b)款规定的期限。
  d.
  Ⅰ.如开证行及/或保兑行(如有),或代其行事的指定银行,决定拒绝接单据,它必须不延误地以电讯方式通知有关方;如不可能用电讯方式 通知时则以其它快捷方式通知此事,但不得迟于收到单据的翌日起算第七个银行工作日。该通知应发给寄单银行,或者,如直接从受益人处收到 单据者,则应通知受益人。
  Ⅱ.该通知必须说明银行凭以拒绝接受单据的全部不符点,并说明单据已由本行代为保管听候处理,或将退还给交单人。
  Ⅲ.然后,开证行及/或保兑行(如有),便有权向交单行索回已经给予该银行的任何偿付款项及利息。
  e.如开证行及/或保兑行(如有),未能按照本条的规定办理及/或未能代为保管单据听候处理,或将单据退交单人时,开证行及/或保兑行 (如有),就无权宣称单据与信用证条款不符。
  f.如寄单行向开证行及/或保兑行(如有)指出单据中的不符点,或通知开证行或保兑行:关于该不符点,本行已经以保留追索方式或凭赔偿担 保付款、承担延期付款责任、承兑汇票或议付,则开证行及/或保兑行(如有),并不因此而解除其在本条文项下的任何义务。此项保留或赔偿 担保仅涉及寄单行与被保留追索的一方,或者与提供或代为提供赔偿担保一方之间的关系。
  第十五条   对单据有效性的免责
  银行对于任何单据的形式、完整性、准确性、真伪性或法律效力,或对于单据上规定的或附加的一般性及/或特殊性条件,概不负责;银行对于 任何单据中有关的货物描述、数量、重量、质量、状况、包装、交货、价值或存在与否,对于货物的发货人、承运人、运输行、收货人或保险人 或其它任何人的诚信、行为及/或疏忽、清偿能力、执行能力或信誉也概不负责。
  第十六条   对文电传递的免责条款
  银行对由于任何文电、信函或单据在传递中发生延误及/或遗失所造成的后果,或对于任何电讯在传递过程中发生的延误、残缺或其它差错,概 不负责。银行对专门性术语的翻译及/或解释上的差错,也不负责,银行保留将信用证条款原文照转而不翻译的权利。
  第十七条   不可抗力
  银行对于天灾、暴动、骚乱、叛乱、战争或银行本身无法控制的任何其它原因而营业中断,或对于任何罢工或停工而营业中断所引起的一切后果,概不负责。除非经特别授权,银行在恢复营业后,对于在营业中断期间已逾期的信用证,将不再进行付款、承担延期付款责任、承兑汇票或 议付。
  第十八条   对被指示方行为的免责条款
  a.银行为执行申请人的指示,而利用另一家银行或另几家银行的服务,是代申请人办理的,费用由申请承付,风险由申请人承担。
  b.即使是银行主动选择其它银行办理业务,它发出的指示未被执行,对此银行亦不负责。
   c.
  Ⅰ.一方指示另一方提供服务时,被指示方因执行指示而产生的一切费用,包括手续费、费用、成本费或其它开支,均由发出指示的一方承担。
  Ⅱ.当信用证规定上述费用由指示方以外的一方负担,而这些费用又未能收回时,亦不能免除最终仍由指示方支付此类费用的责任。
  d.申请人应受外国法律和惯例加诸银行的一切义务和责任的约束,并对银行承担赔偿之责。
  第十九条   银行间的偿付约定
  a.开证行如欲通过另一银行(偿付行)对付款行、承兑行或议付行(均称“索偿行”)履行偿付时,开证行应及时给偿付行发出对此类索偿予以 偿付的适当指示或授权。
   b.开证行不应要求索偿行向偿付行提供证实单据与信用证条款相符的证明。
  c.如索偿行未能从偿付行得到偿付,开证行就不据能解除自身的偿付责任。
  d.如偿付行未能在首次索偿时即行偿付,或未能按信用证规定或双方另行约定的方式进行偿付时,开证行应对索偿行的利息损失负责。
  e.偿付行的费用应由开证行承担。然而,如费用系由其它方承担,则开证行有责任在原信用证中和偿付授权书中予以注明。如偿付行的费用系由 其它方承担,则该费用应在支付信用证项下款项时向索偿行收取。如未支取,开证行仍有义务承担偿付行的费用。


D、单  据
  第二十条   对出单人而言的模糊用语
  a.不应使用诸如“第一流”、“著名”、“合格”、“独立”、“正式”、“有资格”、“当地”及类似意义的用语来描述信用证项下应提交的 任何单据的出单人的身份。如信用证中含有此类词语,只要所提交的单据表面与信用证其它条款相符,且单据又非由受益人出具者,银行将予接受。
  b.除非信用证另有规定,只要单据注明为正本,如必要时已加签字,银行也将接受用下列方法制作或看来是按该方法制作的单据作为正本单据:
  Ⅰ.影印、自动或电脑处理;
  Ⅱ.复写;单据上的签字可以手签,也可用签样印制、穿孔签字、盖章、符号表示或其它任何机械或电子证实的方法处理。
  c.
  Ⅰ.除非信用证另有相反规定,否则银行将接受标明副本字样或没有标明正本字样的单据作为副本单据,副本单据无须签字。
  Ⅱ.如信用证要求提交多份单据,诸如“一式两份”、“两张”、“两份”等,此时可以提交一份正本,其余份数以副本来满足。但单据本身另 有相反的指示者除外。
  d.除非信用证另有规定,当信用证含有要求证实单据、使单据生效、使单据合法、签证单据、证明单据或对单据有类似要求的条件时,这些条件可由在单据上签字、标注、盖章或标签来满足,只要单据表面已满足上述条件即可。
    第二十一条   对出单人或单据内容未作规定的情况
  当信用证要求提供除运输单据、保险单据和商业发票以外的单据时,信用证中应规定该单据由何人出具,应有哪些措辞或内容。如信用证对此未做规定,只要所提交单据的内容与提交的其它单据不矛盾,银行将予接受。
  第二十二条   出单日期与信用证日期
  除非信用证另有相反规定,银行将接受出单日期早于信用证日期的单据,但这些单据必须在信用证和本惯例规定的期限内提交。
    第二十三条   海洋运输提单
  a.如信用证要求提交港至港运输提单者,除非信用证另有规定,银行将接受下述单据,不论其称谓如何:
  Ⅰ.表面注明承运人的名称,并由下列人员签字或以其它方式证实:
  --承运人或作为承运人的具名代理或代表,或
  --船长或作为船长的具名代理或代表。
  承运人或船长的任何签字或证实,必须表明“承运人”或“船长”的身份。代理人代表承运人或船长签字或证实时,也必须表明他所代表的委托 人的名称和身份,即注明代理人是代表承运人或船长签字或证实的;

  Ⅱ.提单上注明货物已装船或已装指名船只。
  已装船或已装指名船只的内容,可由提单上印就的“货物已装上指名船只”或“货物已装运指名船只”的词语来表示,在此情况下,提单的出具日期即视为装船日期与装运日期。
  在所有其它情况下,装上指名船只这一内容,必须以提单上注明货物装船日期的批注来证实,在此情况下,装船批注日期即视为装运日期。
  当提单上含有“预期船”字样或类似有关限定船只的词语时,装上具名船只这一内容必须由提单上的装船批注来证实。该项装船批注除注明货物 已装船的日期外,还应包括实际装货的船名,即使实际装货船只的名称为“预期船”,亦应如此。
  如提单上注明的收货地或接受监管地与装货港不同,货已装船的批注仍须注明信用证规定的装货港和实际装货船名,即使已装货船只的名称与提 单注明的船只名称一致,亦应如此。本规定还适用于任何由提单上印定的船词语来表示装船情况。

  Ⅲ.注明信用证规定的装货港和卸货港,尽管提单上可能有下述情况:
  (a)注明不同于装货港的货物接受监管地及/或不同于卸货港的最终目的地,
及/或
  (b)含有“预期”或类似有关限定装货港,及/或卸货港的标注者,只要单据上表示了信用证规定的装货港及/或卸货港;及
  Ⅳ.开立全套正本提单可以是仅有一份正本提单或者是一份以上正本提单,

  Ⅴ.含有全部承运条件或部分承运条件须参阅提单以外的某一出处或文件(属简式/背面空白提单)者,银行对此类承运条件的内容不予审核,

  Ⅵ.未注明受租船合约约束及/或未注明承运船只仅以风帆为动力者,

  Ⅶ.在所有其它方面均符合信用证规定者。
  b.就本条文而言,转运指在信用证规定的装货港到卸货港之间的海运过程中,将货物由一艘船卸下再装上另一艘船的运输。
  c.除非信用证禁止转运,否则只要同一提单包括了海运全程运输,银行将接受注明货物将转运的提单。
  d.即使信用证禁止转运,银行对下列单据仍予以接受:
  Ⅰ.对注明将发生转运者,只要提单上证实有关货物已由集装箱、拖车及/或子母船运输,并且同一提单包括海运全程运输,
及/或
  Ⅱ.含有承运人声明保留转运权利条款者。
  第二十四条   非转让的海运单
  a.如信用证要求提供的是港至港非转让海运单者,除非信用证另有相反规定,否则银行将接受下述单据,不论其称谓如何:
  Ⅰ.表面注明承运人名称,并由下列人员签字或以其它方式证实:
  --承运人或作为承运人的具名代理或代表,或
  --船长或作为船长的具名代理或代表。
  承运人或船长的任何签字或证实,必须表明“承运人”或“船长”的身份。代理人代表承运人或船长签字或证实时,也必须表明他所代表的委托 人的名称和身份,即注明代理人是代表承运人或船长签字或证实的;

  Ⅱ.注明货物已装船或已装具名船只。货物已装船或已装具名船只的内容,可由非转让海运单上印就的“货物已装上具名船只”或“货物已装具 名船只”的词语来表示,在此情况下,非转让海运单的出具日期即视为装船日期与装运日期。
  在所有其它情况下,货物装上具名船只的内容,必须以非转让海运单上注明货物装船日期的批注加以证实。在此情况下,装船批注日期即视为装 运日期。
  如非转让海运单含有“预期船”或类似有关限定船只的词语时,货物装上具名船只的内容必须由非转让海运单上的装船批注来证实,该项装船批 注除注明货物已装船日期外,还应包括载货的船名。即使实际装货船只的名称为“预期船”亦应如此。
  如果非转让海运单上注明的收货地或货物接受监管地与装货港不同,已装船批注中仍须注明信用证规定的装货港和实际装货船名,即使装货船只 的名称与非转让海运单上注明的船只一致,亦应如此。本规定适用于任何由非转让海运单上印就的装船词语来表示装船情况,

  Ⅲ.注明信用证规定的装货港和卸货港,尽管非转让海运单可能有下述情况:
  (a)注明不同于装运港的货物接受监管地及/或不同于卸货港的最终目的地,
及/或
  (b)含有“预期”或类似有关限定装运港及/或卸货港的标注者,只要单据上表示了信用证规定的装运港及/或卸货港,

  Ⅳ.开立全套正本运单可以是仅有一份正本或者是一份以上正本。

  Ⅴ.含有全部承运条件或部分承运条件须参阅非转让海运单以外的某一出处或文件(属简式/背面空白的非转让海运单)者,银行对此类承运条 件的内容不予审核,

  Ⅵ.未注明受租船合约约束及/或未注明承运船只仅以风帆为动力者,

  Ⅶ.在所有其它方面均符合信用证规定者。
  b.就本条款而言,转运意指在信用证规定的装货港到卸货港之间的海运过程中,将货物由一艘船卸下再装上另一艘船的运输。
  c.除非信用证上有禁止转运的条款,否则,只要同一非转让海运单包括了海运全程运输,银行将接受注明货物将转运的非转让海运单。
  d.即使信用证禁止转运,银行将接受下列非转让海运单:
  Ⅰ.对注明将发生转运者,只要非转让海运单证实有关货物已由集装箱、拖车及/或子母驳船运输,并且同一非转让海运单包括海运全程运输,
及/或
  Ⅱ.含有承运人声明保留转运权利的条款者。
    第二十五条   租船合约提单
  a.如果信用证要求提交或允许提交租船合约提单,除非信用证另有相反规定,否则,银行将接受下述单据,不论其称谓如何:
  Ⅰ.含有受租船合约约束的任何批注,

  Ⅱ.已由下列人员签字或以其它方式证实:
  --船长或作为船长的具名代理或代表,或
  --船东或作为船东的具名代理或代表。
  船长或船东的任何签字或证实,必须表明“船长”或“船东”的身份。代理人代表船长或船东签字或证实时,亦须表明他所代表的委托人的名称 和身份,即注明代理人是代表船长或船东签字或证实的,

  Ⅲ.注明或不注明承运人的名称,

  Ⅳ.注明货物已装船或已装具名船只。
  货物已装船或已装具名船只的内容,可由提单上印定的“货物已装上具名船只”或“货物已装运具名船只”的词语来表示,在此情况下,提单的出单日期将视为装船日期与装运日期。
  在所有其它情况下,装上具名船只的内容,必须以在提单上注明的货物装船日期的批注来证实,在此情况下,装船批注日期即视为装运日期,

  Ⅴ.注明信用证规定的装货港和卸货港,

  Ⅵ.开立的全套正本提单可以是仅有一份正本提单或者是一份以上正本提单,

  Ⅶ.未注明承运船只仅以风帆为动力者,

  Ⅷ.在所有其它方面均符合信用证规定者。
  b.即使信用证要求提交与租船合约提单有关的租船合约,银行对该租船合约也不予审核,但将予以照转而不承担责任。
    第二十六条   多式运输单据
  a.如信用证要求提供至少包括两种不同运输方式(即多式运输)的运输单据,除非信用证另有相反规定,否则,银行将接受下述运输单据,不论其称谓如何:
  Ⅰ.表面注明承运人的名称或多式运输营运人的名称,并由下列人员签字或以其它方式证实:
  --承运人或多式运输营运人或作为承运人或多式运输营运人的具名代理或代表,或
  --船长或作为船长的具名代理或代表。
  承运人或多式运输营运人或船长的任何签字或证实,必须分别表明“承运人”或“多式运输营运人”或“船长”的身份。代理人代表承运人或多 式运输营运人或船长签字或证实时,也必须注明他所代表的委托人的名称和身份,即注明代理人是代表承运人或多式运输营运人或船长签字或证 实的,

  Ⅱ.注明货物已发运、已接受监管或已装载者。
  发运、接受监管或装载,可在多式运输单据上以文字表明,且出单日期即视为发运、接受监管或装载日期及装运日期。然而,如果单据以盖章或 其它方式标明发运、接受监管或装载日期,则此类日期即视为装运日期,

  Ⅲ.
  (a)注明信用证规定的货物接受监管地,该接受监管地可以不同于装货港、装货机场和装货地,及/或注明信用证规定的最终目的,该最终目的地可以与卸货港、卸货机场或卸货地不同,
及/或
  (b)含有“预期”或类似限定有关船只及/或装货港及/或卸货港的批注,

  Ⅳ.开立的全套正本提单可以是仅有一份正本提单或者是一份以上正本提单,

  Ⅴ.含有全部承运条件或部分承运条件须参阅多式运输单据以外的某一出处或文件(属简式/背面空白的多式运输单据)者,银行对此类承运条件的内容不予审核,

  Ⅵ.未注明受租船合约约束及/或未注明承运船只仅以风帆为动力者,

  Ⅶ.在所有其它方面均符合信用证规定者。
  b.即使信用证禁止转运,银行也将接受注明转运将发生或可能发生的多式运输单据,只要同一多式运输单据包括运输全程即可。
  第二十七条   空运单据
  a.如果信用证要求提供空运单据,除非信用证另有相反规定,否则,银行将接受下列单据,不论其称谓如何:
  Ⅰ.表面注明承运人名称并由下列人员签字或以其它方式证实:
  --承运人;或
  --作为承运人的具名代理或代表。
  承运人的任何签字或证实,亦须表明他承运人的身份。代理人代表承运人签字或证实亦须表明所代表的委托人的名称和身份,即表明代理人是代表承运人签字或证实者,

  Ⅱ.注明货物已收妥待运,

  Ⅲ.如信用证要求注明实际发运日期,则应对此日期作出专项批注。在空运单据上如此表示的发运日期,即视为装运日期。
  就本条款而言,在空运单据的方格(标明“仅供承运人使用”或类似说明)内所表示的有关航班号和起飞日的信息不能视为发运日期的专项批注。
  在所有其它情况下,空运单据的签发日期即视为装运日期,

  Ⅳ.空运单上注明信用证规定的发运机场及目的地机场,

  Ⅴ.空运单上开给委托人/发货人的正本空运单据,即使信用证规定全套正本,或有类似意义的词语,

  Ⅵ.空运单上含有全部承运条件,或其中某些承运条件须参阅空运单以外的某一出处或文件。银行对此类承运条件的内容将不予审核,

  Ⅶ.所有其它方面均符合信用证规定。
  b.就本条款而言,转运指在信用证规定的起飞机场到目的地机场的运输过程中,将货物从一架飞机上卸下再装到另一架飞机上的运输。
  c.即使信用证禁止转运,银行也将接受上面注明将发生或可能发生转运的空运单据,只要是同一空运单据包括运输全程即可。
  第二十八条   公路、铁路或内河运输单据
  a.如果信用证要求提供公路、铁路或内河运输单据,除非信用证另有相反规定,否则银行将接受所要求的类型的运输单据,不认其称谓如何:
  Ⅰ.单上注明承运人的名称并且已由承运人或作为承运人的具名代理或代表签字或以其它方式证实,及/或载有承运人或作为承运人的具名代理 或代表的货物收货印章或其它收妥的标志。
  承运人的任何签字、证实、收货印章或其它收货标志,表面须表明承运人的身份。代表承运人签字或证实,亦须表明其所代表的委托人的名称和 身份,即注明代理人是代表承运人签字或证实的,

  Ⅱ.单上注明货物已收妥待运、发运或承运或类似意义的词语,除非运输单据上盖有收妥印章,否则运输单据的出具日期即视为装运日期。在加 盖收妥印章的情况下,盖章的日期即视为装运日期,

  Ⅲ.单上注明信用证规定的装运地和目的地,

  Ⅳ.所有其它方面均符合信用证规定。
  b.如运输单据未注明出具份数,银行将接受所提交的运输单据,并视之为全套正本。不论运输单据上是否注明为正本,银行将作为正本予以接 受。
  c.就本条款而言,转运指在信用证规定的装运地到目的地之间的运输过程中,以不同的运输方式,从一种运输工具卸下再装至另一种运输工具的 运输。
  d.即使信用证禁止转运,银行也将接受单据上注明货物将转运或可能发生转运的公路、铁路或内河运输单据,只要运输的全过程包括在同一运输 单据内,并使用同一运输方式即可。
  第二十九条   专递及邮政收据
  a.如果信用证要求提供邮政收据或投递证明,除非信用证另有相反规定,银行将接受下述邮政收据或投邮证明:
  Ⅰ.正面有信用证规定的装运地或发运地戳记或以其它方式证实并加注日期者,该日期即视为装运日期或发运日期,

  Ⅱ.所有其它各方面均符合信用证规定。
  b.如信用证要求由专递或快递机构出具证明收到待运货物的单据,除非信用证另有相反规定,否则银行将接受下列单据,不论其称谓如何:
  Ⅰ.正面注明专递/快递机构的名称,并由该具名的专递/快递机构盖戳、签字或以其它方式证实的单据(除非信用证特别规定由指定的专递/ 快递机构出具单据,否则银行将接受由任何专递/快递机构出具的单据),

  Ⅱ.上面注明取件或收件日期或同义词语者,此日期即视为装运或发运日期,
  Ⅲ.所有其它各方面均符合信用证规定。
  第三十条   运输行出具的运输单据
  除非信用证另有授权,否则银行仅接受运输行出具的具有注明下列内容的运输单据:
  Ⅰ.注明作为承运人或多式运输营运人的运输行的名称,并由作为承运人或多式运输营运人的运输行签字或以其它方式证实,

  Ⅱ.注明承运人或多式运输营运人的名称并由作为承运人或多式运输营运人的具名代理或代表的运输行签字或以其它方式证实。
  第三十一条   “货装舱面”,“发货人装载并计数”,发货人名称
  除非信用证另有相反规定,否则银行将接受下列运输单据:
  Ⅰ.海运或包括海运在内的一种以上运输方式,未注明货物已装舱面或将装于舱面。然而,运输单据内有货物可能装于舱面的规定,如果未特别 注明货物已装舱面或将装舱面,银行对该种运输单据予以接受,
及/或
  Ⅱ.含有“发货人装载并计数”或“内容据发货人报称”或类似文字的条款的运输单据,
及/或
  Ⅲ.表明以信用证受益人以外的一方为发货人的运输单据。
  第三十二条   清洁运输单据
  a.清洁运输单据系指未载有明确宣称货物及/或包装状况有缺陷的条款或批注的运输单据。
  b.除非信用证明确规定可以接受上述条款或批注,否则银行将不接受会有此类条款或批注的运输单据。
  c.运输单据如符合本条款和第二十三、二十四、二十五、二十六、二十七、二十八或三十条的规定,银行即视为符合信用证中规定在运输单据上载明“清洁已装船”的要求。
  第三十三条   运费到付/运费预付的运输单据
  a.除非信用证另有规定,或与信用证项下所提交的任何单据相抵触,否则,银行将接受表明运费或运输费用(以下统称“运费”)待付的运输单据。
  b.如信用证规定运输单据中必须表明运费付讫或已预付,银行将接受以戳记或以其它方式清楚地表明运费付讫或已预付的词语,或用其它方法表 明运费付讫的运输单据。如信用证要求专递费用付讫或预付时,银行也将接受专递或快递机构出具的注明专递费用由收货人以外的一方承担的运输单据。
  c.运输单据上如出现“运费可预付”或“运费应预付”或类似意义的词句,不能视为运费付讫的证明,这种单据将不予接受。
  d.银行将接受以戳记或其它方式提及运费以外的附加费用,诸如有关装卸或其它类似作业所发生的费用或开支的运输单据,除非信用证条款明确 禁止接受此类运输单据,则不能接受。
  第三十四条   保险单据
  a.保险单据从其字面上看,必须是由保险公司或承保人或他们的代理人开立并签署的。
  b.如保险单据上表明所出具的正本系一份以上者,除非信用证另有授权,必须提交全部正本保险单据。
  c.除非信用证有特别授权,否则银行不接受由保险经纪人签发的暂保单。
  d.除非信用证另有相反规定,否则银行将接受由保险公司或承保人或他们的代理人预签的保险证明或预保单项下的保险声明。尽管信用证特别要 求提供的保险证明或预保单项下的保险声明,但银行仍可接受保险单以取代保险证明或和保险声明。
  e.除非信用证另有规定,或除非保险单据表明保险责任最迟于装船或发运或接受监管日起生效,否则银行对载明签发日期迟于运输单据上注明的 装船或发运或接受监管日期的保险单据将不予接受。
  f.
  Ⅰ.除非信用证另有规定,否则保险单据上的货币,必须与信用证上的货币相同。
  Ⅱ.除非信用证另有规定,保险单据必须表明的最低投保金额,应为货物的CIF价(成本、保费和运费(……“指定的目的港”))或CIP价(运 费和保险费付至(……“指定目的地”))之金额加10%。但这仅限于能从货运单据上确定CIF或CIP价值的情况。否则,银行将接受的最低投保 金额为信用证要求付款、承兑或议付的金额的110%,或发票毛值的110%,两者之中取金额较大者。
  第三十五条   投保险别
  a.信用证应规定需要投保的险别,以及必要的附加险别。诸如“通常险别”或“惯常险别”一类意义不明确的用语不应使用。如已使用,银行当按照所提交的保险单据予以接受,但对未经投保的任何险种不予负责。
  b.如信用证无特别规定,银行当按照所提交的保险单据予以接受,对未经投保的任何险别不予负责。
  c.除非信用证另有规定,否则银行将接受表明有受免赔率或免赔额约束的保险单据。
  第三十六条   一切险
  当信用证规定“投保一切险”时,银行将接受含有任何“一切险”批注或条文的保险单据,不论其有无“一切险”标题,甚至表明不包括某种险 别。银行对未经投保的任何险别不予负责。
  第三十七条   商业发票
  a.除非信用证另有规定,商业发票上:
  Ⅰ.应当在表面上表明:发票系由信用证中指定的受益人出具(第四十八条所规定者除外),

  Ⅱ.必须做成以申请人的名称为抬头(第四十八条(h)款所规定者除外),

  Ⅲ.发票无须签字。
  b.除非信用证另有相反规定,否则银行可拒绝接受金额超过信用证所允许的金额的商业发票。但是,如信用证项下授权付款、承担延期付款责 任、承兑汇票或议付的银行,一旦接受此类发票,只要该银行所作出的付款、承担延期付款责任、已承兑汇票或已议付的金额没有超过信用证所 允许的金额,则该银行的决定对各有关方均具有约束力。
  c.商业发票中的货物描述,必须与信用证规定的相符。其它一切单据则可使用货物统称,但不得与信用证规定的货物描述有抵触。
  第三十八条   其它单据
  在采用除海运以外的运输方式的情况下,如信用证要求提交重量证明,除非信用证明确规定此项重量证明必须另行提供单据外,银行将接受承运人或其代理人加盖于运输单据上的重量戳记或重量声明。

                       E、杂项规定
  第三十九条   信用证金额、货物数量和单价的增减幅度
  a.凡“约”“大概”、“大约”或类似的词语用于信用证金额、货物、数量和单价时,应解释为有关金额、数量或单价不超过10%的增减幅度。
  b.除非信用证规定货物的指定数量不得有增减外,在所支付的款项不超过信用证金额的条件下,货物数量准许有5%的增减幅度。但是,当信用证上规定的数量是以包装单位或个数计数时,此项增减幅度则不适用。
  c.除非禁止分批装运的信用证上另有规定或除非已适用本条(b)款者,当信用证对货物的数量有规定,且货物已全数装运,以及当信用证对单 价有规定,而此单价又未降低的条件下,允许支取的金额有5%的减幅。如信和证已利用本条(a)款提到的词语,则本规定不适用。
  第四十条   分批装运/分批支款
  a.除非信用证另有规定,允许分批支款及/或分批装运。
  b.运输单据上表面注明货物系使用同一运输工具并经同一路线运输的,即使每套运输单据注明的装运日期不同及/或装货港、接受监管地、发运 地不同,只要运输单据注明的目的地相同,也不视为分批装运。
  c.货物经邮寄或专递发运,如邮政收据或投邮证明或专递收据或发运通知,是在信用证规定的发货地加盖戳记、或签署或以其它方式证实并且日期相同,则不视为分批装运。
  第四十一条   分期装运/分期支款
  信用证规定在指定的不同期限人分期支款及/或分期装运,如其中任何一期未按信用证所规定的期限支款及/或装运,则信用证对该期及以后各期均失效。但信用证另有规定者除外。
  第四十二条  交单到期日及地点
  a.所有信用证均须规定一个到期日及一个付款、承兑交单地。议付信用证尚须规定一个议付交单地,但自由议付信用证除外。所规定的付款、承兑或议付的到期日,将视为提交单据的到期日。
  b.除第四十四条(a)款规定外,必须于到期日或到期日之前交单。
  c.如开证行注明信用证的有效期限为“一个月”、“六个月”或类似规定,但未指明自何日起算者,开证行开证日即视为起算日。银行应避免用此种方式注明信用证的到期日。
  第四十三条   对到期日的限制
  a.凡要求提交运输单据的信用证,除规定一个交单到期日外,尚须规定一个在装运日后按信用证条款规定必须交单的特定期限。如未规定该期限,银行将不予接受迟于装运日期后二十一天提交的单据。但无论如何,交单不得迟于信用证的到期日。
  b.如第四十条(b)款适用,所提交的运输单据上的最迟装运日期即视为装运日期。
  第四十四第   到期日的顺延
  a.如信用证的到期日及/或按本惯例第四十三条规定所适用的交单的期限最后一天,适逢接受单据银行因第十七条规定以外的原因而停止营业,则规定的到期日及/或装运日后一定期限内必须交单的最后一天,将顺延至该银行恢复营业后的第一个营业日。
  b.但最迟装运日期不得按照本条(a)款对到期日及/或装运日后交单期限的顺延为由而顺延。如信用证或修改书中未规定最迟装运日期,银行将不接受表明装运日期迟于信用证或修改书规定的到期日的运输单据。
  c.于顺延后的第一个营业日接受单据的银行,必须申明单据系根据跟单信用证统一惯例,1993年修订本,国际商会第500号出版物第四十四条(a)款规定的顺延期限内所提交。
  第四十五条   交单时间
  银行在其营业时间以外,无接受单据的义务。   
第四十六条   对装运日期的一般用语
  a.除非信用证另有规定,凡用于规定最早及/或最迟装运日期的“装运”一词,其意义应理解为包括诸如“装船”、“发运”、“接收备运”、 “邮政收据日期”、“取件日期”和类似表述,如信用证要求多式运输单据时,还包括“接受监管”这一涵义。
  b.不应使用诸如“迅速”、“立即”、“尽快”之类词语,如已使用,银行将不予置理。
  c.如使用“于或约于”之类词语来限定装运日期者,银行将视为在所述日期前后各五天内装运,起迄日包括在内。
  第四十七条   装运期限的日期用语
  a.诸如“×月×日止”、“至×月×日”、“直至×月×日”、“从×月×日”及类似意义的词语用于限定信用证中有关装运的任何日期或期限时,应理解为包括所述日期。
  b.“×月×日以后”应理解为不包括所述日期。
  c.“上半月”和“下半月”应分别理解为自每月“1日至15日”和“16日至月末最后一天”,包括起迄日。
  d.“月初”、“月中”和“月末”应分别理解为每月1日至10日、11日至20日和21日至月末最后一天,包括起迄日期。

                      F、可转让信用证
  第四十八条   可转让信用证
  a.可转让信用证系指信用证的受益人(第一受益人)可以要求授权付款、承担延期付款责任对汇票、承兑或议付的银行(统称“转让行”),或 当信用证是自由议付时,可以要求信用证中特别授权的转让银行,将该信用证全部或部分转让给一个或数个受益人(第二受益人)使用的信用证。
  b.只有开证行在信用证中明确注明“可转让”时,信用证方可转让。使用诸如:“可分割”、“可分开”、“可让渡”和“可转移”之类措词, 并不能使信用证成为可以转让的信用证。如已使用此类措词,可不予以置理。
  c.除经非转让银行明确同意转让范围和转让方式,否则它无义务办理转让。
  d.在申请转让时并在信用证转出之前,第一受益人必须不可撤销地指示转让银行,说明它是否保留拒绝允许转让行将修改通知给第二受益人的权利。如转让行同意按此条件办理转让,它必须在办理转让时,将第一受益人关于修改事项的指示通知第二受益人。
  e.如信用证转让给一个以上的第二受益人,其中一个或几个第二受益人拒绝接受信用证的修改,此举并不影响其它第二受益人接受修改。对拒绝接受修改的第二受益人而言,该信用证视作未被修改。
  f.除非另有约定,转让行所涉及转让的费用,包括手续费、费用、成本费或其它开支等,应由第一受益人支付。如果转让行同意转让信用证,在付清此类费用之前,转让行没有办理转让的义务。
  g.除非信用证另有说明,可转让信用证只能转让一次。因此,第二受益人不得要求将信用证转让给其后的第三受益人。就本条文而言,再转让给 第一受益人,不属被禁止转让的范畴。
  只要不禁止分批装运/分批支款,可转让信用证可以分为若干部分予以分别转让(但总和不超过信用证金额),这些转让的总和将被认为该证只转让了一次。
  h.信用证只能按原证中规定的条款转让,但下列项目除外:
  --信用证金额
  --信用证中规定的货物的任何单价,
  --到期日
  --根据本惯例第四十三条确定的最后交单日期,
  --装运期限
  以上任何一项或全部项目均可减少或缩短。
  必须投保的保险金额比例可以增加,以满足原信用证或本惯例规定的保额。
  此外,可以用第一受益人的名称替代原信用证申请人的名称。但是,原证中如明确要求原申请人的名称应在除发票以外的单据上出现时,该项要求应予做到。
  i.第一受益人有权用自己的发票(和汇票)替换第二受益人提交的发票(和汇票),其金额不得超过原信用证金额,如信用证对单价有规定,应 按原单价出具发票。经过替换发票(和汇票),第一受益人可以在信用证项下支取其发票金额与第二受益人发票金额间的的差额。
  当信用证已经转让,并且第一受益人要提供自己的发票(和汇票)以替换第二受益人的发票(和汇票),但第一受益人未能在有关方首次要求他 这样做时按此办理,则转让行有权将所收到的已转让信用证项下的单据,包括第二受益人的发票(和汇票)交给开证行,并不再对第一受益人负责。
  j.除非原信用证明确表明不得在原信用证规定以外的地方办理付款或议付,否则,第一受益人可以要求在信用证的受让地,并在信用证到期日内,对第二受益人履行付款或议付。这样做并不损害第一受益人以自己的发票(和汇票)替换第二受益人的发票(和汇票)并索取两者间应得差 额的权利。

                        G、款项让渡
  第四十九条   款项让渡
  信用证虽未表明可转让,但并不影响受益人根据现行法律规定,将信用证项下应得的款项让渡给他人的权利。本条款所涉及的仅是款项的让渡,而不是信用证项下执行权利的让渡。





《跟单信用证统一惯例(UCP600)》

Article 1 Application of UCP
第一条 统一惯例的适用范围
The Uniform Customs and Practice for Documentary Credits, 2007 Revision, ICC Publication no. 600 (“UCP”) are rules that apply to any documentary credit (“credit”) (including, to the extent to which they may be applicable, any standby letter of credit) when the text of the credit expressly indicates that it is subject to these rules. They are binding on all parties thereto unless expressly modified or excluded by the credit.
跟单信用证统一惯例,2007年修订本,国际商会第600号出版物,适用于所有在正文中标明按本惯例办理的跟单信用证(包括本惯例适用范围内的备用信用证)。除非信用证中另有规定,本惯例对一切有关当事人均具有约束力。

Article 2 Definitions
第二条 定义
For the purpose of these rules:
就本惯例而言:
Advising bank means the bank that advises the credit at the request of the issuing bank.
通知行意指应开证行要求通知信用证的银行。
Applicant means the party on whose request the credit is issued.
申请人意指发出开立信用证申请的一方。
Banking day means a day on which a bank is regularly open at the place at which an act subject to these rules is to be performed.
银行日意指银行在其营业地正常营业,按照本惯例行事的行为得以在银行履行的日子。
Beneficiary means the party in whose favour a credit is issued.
受益人意指信用证中受益的一方。
Complying presentation means a presentation that is in accordance with the terms and conditions of the credit, the applicable provisions of these rules and international standard banking practice.
相符提示意指与信用证中的条款及条件、本惯例中所适用的规定及国际标准银行实务相一致的提示。
Confirmation means a definite undertaking of the confirming bank, in addition to that of the issuing bank, to honour or negotiate a complying presentation.
保兑意指保兑行在开证行之外对于相符提示做出兑付或议付的确定承诺。
Confirming bank means the bank that adds its confirmation to a credit upon the issuing bank’s authorization or request.
保兑行意指应开证行的授权或请求对信用证加具保兑的银行。
Credit means any arrangement, however named or described, that is irrevocable and thereby constitutes a definite undertaking of the issuing bank to honour a complying presentation.
信用证意指一项约定,无论其如何命名或描述,该约定不可撤销并因此构成开证行对于相符提示予以兑付的确定承诺。
Honour means:
a. to pay at sight if the credit is available by sight payment.
b. to incur a deferred payment undertaking and pay at maturity if the credit is available by deferred payment.
c. to accept a bill of exchange (“draft”) drawn by the beneficiary and pay at maturity if the credit is available by acceptance.
兑付意指:
a. 对于即期付款信用证即期付款。
b. 对于延期付款信用证发出延期付款承诺并到期付款。
c. 对于承兑信用证承兑由受益人出具的汇票并到期付款。
Issuing bank means the bank that issues a credit at the request of an applicant or on its own behalf.  
开证行意指应申请人要求或代表其自身开立信用证的银行。
Negotiation means the purchase by the nominated bank of drafts (drawn on a bank other than the nominated bank) and/or documents under a complying presentation, by advancing or agreeing to advance funds to the beneficiary on or before the banking day on which reimbursement is due to(to be paid the nominated bank.
议付意指被指定银行在其应获得偿付的银行日或在此之前,通过向受益人预付或者同意向受益人预付款项的方式购买相符提示项下的汇票(汇票付款人为被指定银行以外的银行)及/或单据。
Nominated bank means the bank with which the credit is available or any bank in the case of a credit available with any bank.
被指定银行意指有权使用信用证的银行,对于可供任何银行使用的信用证而言,任何银行均为被指定银行。
Presentation means either the delivery of documents under a credit to the issuing bank or nominated bank or the documents so delivered.
提示意指信用证项下单据被提交至开证行或被指定银行,抑或按此方式提交的单据。
Presenter means a beneficiary, bank or other party that makes a presentation.
提示人意指做出提示的受益人、银行或其他一方。

Article 3 Interpretations
第三条 释义
For the purpose of these rules:
就本惯例而言:
Where applicable, words in the singular include the plural and in the plural include the singular.
在适用的条款中,词汇的单复数同义。
A credit is irrevocable even if there is no indication to that effect.
信用证是不可撤销的,即使信用证中对此未作指示也是如此。
A document may be signed by handwriting, facsimile signature, perforated signature, stamp, symbol or any other mechanical or electronic method of authentication.
单据可以通过手签、签样印制、穿孔签字、盖章、符号表示的方式签署,也可以通过其它任何机械或电子证实的方法签署。
A requirement for a document to be legalized, visaed, certified or similar will be satisfied by any signature, mark, stamp or label on the document which appears to satisfy that requirement.
当信用证含有要求使单据合法、签证、证实或对单据有类似要求的条件时,这些条件可由在单据上签字、标注、盖章或标签来满足,只要单据表面已满足上述条件即可。
Branches of a bank in different countries are considered to be separate banks.
一家银行在不同国家设立的分支机构均视为另一家银行。
Terms such as "first class", "well known", "qualified", "independent", "official", "competent" or "local" used to describe the issuer of a document allow any issuer except the beneficiary to issue that document.
诸如"第一流"、"著名"、"合格"、"独立"、"正式"、"有资格"、"当地"等用语用于描述单据出单人的身份时,单据的出单人可以是除受益人以外的任何人 。
Unless required to be used in a document, words such as "prompt", "immediately" or "as soon as possible" will be disregarded.
除非确需在单据中使用,银行对诸如"迅速"、"立即"、"尽快"之类词语将不予置理。
The expression "on or about" or similar will be interpreted as a stipulation that an event is to occur during a period of five calendar days before until five calendar days after the specified date, both start and end dates included.
"于或约于"或类似措辞将被理解为一项约定,按此约定,某项事件将在所述日期前后各五天内发生,起迄日均包括在内。
The words "to", "until", "till", “from” and “between” when used to determine a period of shipment include the date or dates mentioned, and the words “before” and "after" exclude the date mentioned.  
词语"×月×日止"(to)、"至×月×日"(until)、"直至×月×日"(till) 、"从×月×日"(from) 及“在X月X日至X月X日之间”(between) 用于确定装运期限时,包括所述日期。词语“X月X日之前”(before) 及“X月X日之后”(after) 不包括所述日期。
The words “from” and "after" when used to determine a maturity date exclude the date mentioned.
词语“从X月X日”(from)以及“X月X日之后”(after) 用于确定到期日时不包括所述日期。
The terms "first half" and "second half" of a month shall be construed respectively as the 1st to the 15th and the 16th to the last day of the month, all dates inclusive.
术语"上半月"和"下半月"应分别理解为自每月"1日至15日"和"16日至月末最后一天",包括起迄日期。
The terms "beginning", "middle" and "end" of a month shall be construed respectively as the 1st to the 10th, the 11th to the 20th and the 21st to the last day of the month, all dates inclusive.
术语"月初"、"月中"和"月末"应分别理解为每月1日至10日、11日至20日和21日至月末最后一天,包括起迄日期。

Article 4 Credits v. Contracts
第四条 信用证与合同
a. A credit by its nature is a separate transaction from the sale or other contract on which it may be based. Banks are in no way concerned with or bound by such contract, even if any reference whatsoever to it is included in the credit. Consequently, the undertaking of a bank to honour, to negotiate or to fulfil any other obligation under the credit is not subject to claims or defences by the applicant resulting from its relationships with the issuing bank or the beneficiary.
A beneficiary can in no case avail itself of the contractual relationships existing between banks or between the applicant and the issuing bank.
a. 就性质而言,信用证与可能作为其依据的销售合同或其它合同,是相互独立的交易。即使信用证中提及该合同,银行亦与该合同完全无关,且不受其约束。因此,一家银行作出兑付、议付或履行信用证项下其它义务的承诺,并不受申请人与开证行之间或与受益人之间在已有关系下产生的索偿或抗辩的制约。
受益人在任何情况下,不得利用银行之间或申请人与开证行之间的契约关系。
b. An issuing bank should discourage any attempt by the applicant to include, as an integral part of the credit, copies of the underlying contract, proforma invoice and the like.
b. 开证行应劝阻申请人将基础合同、形式发票或其它类似文件的副本作为信用证整体组成部分的作法。

Article 5 Documents v. Goods, Services or Performance
第五条 单据与货物/服务/行为  
Banks deal with documents and not with goods, services or performance to which the documents may relate .
银行处理的是单据,而不是单据所涉及的货物、服务或其它行为。

Article 6 Availability, Expiry Date and Place for Presentation
第六条 有效性、有效期限及提示地点
a. A credit must state the bank with which it is available or whether it is available with any bank. A credit available with a nominated bank is also available with the issuing bank.
a. 信用证必须规定可以有效使用信用证的银行,或者信用证是否对任何银行均为有效。对于被指定银行有效的信用证同样也对开证行有效。
b. A credit must state whether it is available by sight payment, deferred payment, acceptance or negotiation.
b. 信用证必须规定它是否适用于即期付款、延期付款、承兑抑或议付。
c. A credit must not be issued available by a draft drawn on the applicant.
c.不得开立包含有以申请人为汇票付款人条款的信用证。
d. i. A credit must state an expiry date for presentation. An expiry date stated for honour or negotiation will be deemed to be an expiry date for presentation.  
d. i 信用证必须规定提示单据的有效期限。规定的用于兑付或者议付的有效期限将被认为是提示单据的有效期限。
ii. The place of the bank with which the credit is available is the place for presentation. The place for presentation under a credit available with any bank is that of any bank. A place for presentation other than that of the issuing bank is in addition to the place of the issuing bank.
ii. 可以有效使用信用证的银行所在的地点是提示单据的地点。对任何银行均为有效的信用证项下单据提示的地点是任何银行所在的地点。不同于开证行地点的提示单据的地点是开证行地点之外提交单据的地点。
e. Except as provided in sub-article 29 (a), a presentation by or on behalf of the beneficiary must be made on or before the expiry date.
e. 除非如29(a)中规定,由受益人或代表受益人提示的单据必须在到期日当日或在此之前提交。

Article 7 Issuing Bank Undertaking
第七条 开证行的承诺
a. Provided that the stipulated documents are presented to the nominated bank or to the issuing bank and that they constitute a complying presentation, the issuing bank must honour if the credit is available by:
倘若规定的单据被提交至被指定银行或开证行并构成相符提示,开证行必须按下述信用证所适用的情形予以兑付:
i. sight payment, deferred payment or acceptance with the issuing bank;
i. 由开证行即期付款、延期付款或者承兑;
ii. sight payment with a nominated bank and that nominated bank does not pay;
ii. 由被指定银行即期付款而该被指定银行未予付款;
iii. deferred payment with a nominated bank and that nominated bank does not incur its deferred payment undertaking or, having incurred its deferred payment undertaking, does not pay at maturity;
iii. 由被指定银行延期付款而该被指定银行未承担其延期付款承诺,或者虽已承担延期付款承诺但到期未予付款;
iv. acceptance with a nominated bank and that nominated bank does not accept a draft drawn on it or, having accepted a draft drawn on it, does not pay at maturity;
iv. 由被指定银行承兑而该被指定银行未予承兑以其为付款人的汇票,或者虽已承兑以其为付款人的汇票但到期未予付款;
v. negotiation with a nominated bank and that nominated bank does not negotiate.
v. 由被指定银行议付而该被指定银行未予议付。
b. An issuing bank is irrevocably bound to honour as of the time it issues the credit.
b. 自信用证开立之时起,开证行即不可撤销地受到兑付责任的约束。
c. An issuing bank undertakes to reimburse a nominated bank that has honoured or negotiated a complying presentation and forwarded the documents to the issuing bank. Reimbursement for the amount of a complying presentation under a credit available by acceptance or deferred payment is due at maturity, whether or not the nominated bank prepaid or purchased before maturity. An issuing bank's undertaking to reimburse a nominated bank is independent of the issuing bank’s undertaking to the beneficiary.
c. 开证行保证向对于相符提示已经予以兑付或者议付并将单据寄往开证行的被指定银行进行偿付。无论被指定银行是否于到期日前已经对相符提示予以预付或者购买,对于承兑或延期付款信用证项下相符提示的金额的偿付于到期日进行。开证行偿付被指定银行的承诺独立于开证行对于受益人的承诺。

Article 8 Confirming Bank Undertaking
第八条 保兑行的承诺
a. Provided that the stipulated documents are presented to the confirming bank or to any other nominated bank and that they constitute a complying presentation, the confirming bank must:
a. 倘若规定的单据被提交至保兑行或者任何其他被指定银行并构成相符提示,保兑行必须:
i. honour, if the credit is available by:
i. 兑付,如果信用证适用于:
a. sight payment, deferred payment or acceptance with the confirming bank;
a. 由保兑行即期付款、延期付款或者承兑;
b. sight payment with another nominated bank and that nominated bank does not pay;
b. 由另一家被指定银行即期付款而该被指定银行未予付款;
c. deferred payment with another nominated bank and that nominated bank does not incur its deferred payment undertaking or, having incurred its deferred payment undertaking, does not pay at maturity;
c. 由另一家被指定银行延期付款而该被指定银行未承担其延期付款承诺,或者虽已承担延期付款承诺但到期未予付款;
d. acceptance with another nominated bank and that nominated bank does not accept a draft drawn on it or, having accepted a draft drawn on it, does not pay at maturity;
d. 由另一家被指定银行承兑而该被指定银行未予承兑以其为付款人的汇票,或者虽已承兑以其为付款人的汇票但到期未予付款;
e. negotiation with another nominated bank and that nominated bank does not negotiate.
e. 由另一家被指定银行议付而该被指定银行未予议付。
ii. negotiate, without recourse无追索权, if the credit is available by negotiation with the confirming bank.
ii. 若信用证由保兑行议付,无追索权地议付。
b. A confirming bank is irrevocably bound to honour or negotiate as of the time it adds its confirmation to the credit.
b. 自为信用证加具保兑之时起,保兑行即不可撤销地受到兑付或者议付责任的约束。
c. A confirming bank undertakes to reimburse another nominated bank that has honoured or negotiated a complying presentation and forwarded the documents to the confirming bank. Reimbursement for the amount of a complying presentation under a credit available by acceptance or deferred payment is due at maturity, whether or not another nominated bank prepaid or purchased before maturity. A confirming bank's undertaking to reimburse another nominated bank is independent of the confirming bank’s undertaking to the beneficiary.
c. 保兑行保证向对于相符提示已经予以兑付或者议付并将单据寄往开证行的另一家被指定银行进行偿付。无论另一家被指定银行是否于到期日前已经对相符提示予以预付或者购买, 对于承兑或延期付款信用证项下相符提示的金额的偿付于到期日进行。保兑行偿付另一家被指定银行的承诺独立于保兑行对于受益人的承诺。
d. If a bank is authorized or requested by the issuing bank to confirm a credit but is not prepared to do so, it must inform the issuing bank without delay and may advise the credit without confirmation.
d. 如开证行授权或要求另一家银行对信用证加具保兑,而该银行不准备照办时,它必须不延误地告知开证行并仍可通知此份未经加具保兑的信用证。

Article 9 Advising of Credits and Amendments
第九条 信用证及修改的通知
a. A credit and any amendment may be advised to a beneficiary through an advising bank. An advising bank that is not a confirming bank advises the credit and any amendment without any undertaking to honour or negotiate. a. 信用证及其修改可以通过通知行通知受益人。除非已对信用证加具保兑,通知行通知信用证不构成兑付或议付的承诺。
b. By advising the credit or amendment, the advising bank signifies that it has satisfied itself as to the apparent authenticity of the credit or amendment and that the advice accurately reflects the terms and conditions of the credit or amendment received.
b. 通过通知信用证或修改,通知行即表明其认为信用证或修改的表面真实性得到满足,且通知准确地反映了所收到的信用证或修改的条款及条件。
c. An advising bank may utilize the services of another bank (“second advising bank”) to advise the credit and any amendment to the beneficiary. By advising the credit or amendment, the second advising bank signifies that it has satisfied itself as to the apparent authenticity of the advice it has received and that the advice accurately reflects the terms and conditions of the credit or amendment received.
c. 通知行可以利用另一家银行的服务(“第二通知行”)向受益人通知信用证及其修改。通过通知信用证或修改,第二通知行即表明其认为所收到的通知的表面真实性得到满足,且通知准确地反映了所收到的信用证或修改的条款及条件。
d. A bank utilizing the services of an advising bank or second advising bank to advise a credit must use the same bank to advise any amendment thereto.
d. 如一家银行利用另一家通知行或第二通知行的服务将信用证通知给受益人,它也必须利用同一家银行的服务通知修改书。
e. If a bank is requested to advise a credit or amendment but elects not to do so, it must so inform, without delay, the bank from which the credit, amendment or advice has been received.
e. 如果一家银行被要求通知信用证或修改但决定不予通知,它必须不延误通知向其发送信用证、修改或通知的银行。
f. If a bank is requested to advise a credit or amendment but cannot satisfy itself as to the apparent authenticity of the credit, the amendment or the advice, it must so inform, without delay, the bank from which the instructions appear to have been received. If the advising bank or second advising bank elects nonetheless to advise the credit or amendment, it must inform the beneficiary or second advising bank that it has not been able to satisfy itself as to the apparent authenticity of the credit, the amendment or the advice.
f. 如果一家被要求通知信用证或修改,但不能确定信用证、修改或通知的表面真实性,就必须不延误地告知向其发出该指示的银行。如果通知行或第二通知行仍决定通知信用证或修改,则必须告知受益人或第二通知行其未能核实信用证、修改或通知的表面真实性。

Article 10 Amendments
第十条 修改
a. Except as otherwise provided by article 38, a credit can neither be amended nor cancelled without the agreement of the issuing bank, the confirming bank, if any, and the beneficiary.
a. 除本惯例第38条另有规定外,凡未经开证行、保兑行(如有)以及受益人同意,信用证既不能修改也不能撤销。
b. An issuing bank is irrevocably bound by an amendment as of the time it issues the amendment. A confirming bank may extend its confirmation to an amendment and will be irrevocably bound as of the time it advises the amendment. A confirming bank may, however, choose to advise an amendment without extending its confirmation and, if so, it must inform the issuing bank without delay and inform the beneficiary in its advice.
b. 自发出信用证修改书之时起,开证行就不可撤销地受其发出修改的约束。保兑行可将其保兑承诺扩展至修改内容,且自其通知该修改之时起,即不可撤销地受到该修改的约束。然而,保兑行可选择仅将修改通知受益人而不对其加具保兑,但必须不延误地将此情况通知开证行和受益人。
c. The terms and conditions of the original credit (or a credit incorporating previously accepted amendments) will remain in force for the beneficiary until the beneficiary communicates its acceptance of the amendment to the bank that advised such amendment. The beneficiary should give notification of acceptance or rejection of an amendment. If the beneficiary fails to give such notification, a presentation that complies with the credit and to any not yet accepted amendment will be deemed to be notification of acceptance by the beneficiary of such amendment. As of that moment the credit will be amended.
c. 在受益人向通知修改的银行表示接受该修改内容之前,原信用证(或包含先前已被接受修改的信用证)的条款和条件对受益人仍然有效。受益人应发出接受或拒绝接受修改的通知。如受益人未提供上述通知,当其提交至被指定银行或开证行的单据与信用证以及尚未表示接受的修改的要求一致时,则该事实即视为受益人已作出接受修改的通知,并从此时起,该信用证已被修改。
d. A bank that advises an amendment should inform the bank from which it received the amendment of any notification of acceptance or rejection.
d. 通知修改的银行应当通知向其发出修改书的银行任何有关接受或拒绝接受修改的通知。
e. Partial acceptance of an amendment is not allowed and will be deemed to be notification of rejection of the amendment.
e. 不允许部分接受修改,部分接受修改将被视为拒绝接受修改的通知。
f. A provision in an amendment to the effect that the amendment shall enter into force unless rejected by the beneficiary within a certain time shall be disregarded.
f. 修改书中作出的除非受益人在某一时间内拒绝接受修改,否则修改将开始生效的条款将被不予置理。

Article 11 Teletransmitted and Pre-Advised Credits and Amendments
第十一条 电讯传递与预先通知的信用证和修改
a. An authenticated teletransmission of a credit or amendment will be deemed to be the operative credit or amendment, and any subsequent mail confirmation shall be disregarded.
If a teletransmission states "full details to follow" (or words of similar effect), or states that the mail confirmation is to be the operative credit or amendment, then the teletransmission will not be deemed to be the operative credit or amendment. The issuing bank must then issue the operative credit or amendment without delay in terms not inconsistent with the teletransmission.
a. 经证实的信用证或修改的电讯文件将被视为有效的信用证或修改,任何随后的邮寄证实书将被不予置理。
若该电讯文件声明"详情后告"(或类似词语)或声明随后寄出的邮寄证实书将是有效的信用证或修改,则该电讯文件将被视为无效的信用证或修改。开证行必须随即不延误地开出有效的信用证或修改,且条款不能与与电讯文件相矛盾。
b. A preliminary advice of the issuance of a credit or amendment (“pre-advice”) shall only be sent if the issuing bank is prepared to issue the operative credit or amendment. An issuing bank that sends a pre-advice is irrevocably committed to issue the operative credit or amendment, without delay, in terms not inconsistent with the pre-advice.
b. 只有准备开立有效信用证或修改的开证行,才可以发出开立信用证或修改预先通知书。发出预先通知的开证行应不可撤销地承诺将不延误地开出有效的信用证或修改,且条款不能与预先通知书相矛盾。

Article 12 Nomination
第十二条 指定
a. Unless a nominated bank is the confirming bank, an authorization to honour or negotiate does not impose any obligation on that nominated bank to honour or negotiate, except when expressly agreed to by that nominated bank and so communicated to the beneficiary.
a. 除非一家被指定银行是保兑行,对被指定银行进行兑付或议付的授权并不构成其必须兑付或议付的义务,被指定银行明确同意并照此通知受益人的情形除外。
b. By nominating a bank to accept a draft or incur a deferred payment undertaking, an issuing bank authorizes that nominated bank to prepay or purchase a draft accepted or a deferred payment undertaking incurred by that nominated bank.
b. 通过指定一家银行承兑汇票或承担延期付款承诺,开证行即授权该被指定银行预付或购买经其承兑的汇票或由其承担延期付款的承诺。
c. Receipt or examination and forwarding of documents by a nominated bank that is not a confirming bank does not make that nominated bank liable to honour or negotiate, nor does it constitute honour or negotiation.  
c. 非保兑行身份的被指定银行接受、审核并寄送单据的行为既不使得该被指定银行具有兑付或议付的义务,也不构成兑付或议付。

Article 13 Bank-to-Bank Reimbursement Arrangements
第十三条 银行间偿付约定
a. If a credit states that reimbursement is to be obtained by a nominated bank ("claiming bank") claiming on another party ("reimbursing bank"), the credit must state if the reimbursement is subject to the ICC rules for bank-to-bank reimbursements in effect on the date of issuance of the credit.
a. 如果信用证规定被指定银行(“索偿行”)须通过向另一方银行(“偿付行”)索偿获得偿付,则信用证中必须声明是否按照信用证开立日正在生效的国际商会《银行间偿付规则》办理。
b. If a credit does not state that reimbursement is subject to the ICC rules for bank-to-bank reimbursements, the following apply:
b. 如果信用证中未声明是否按照国际商会《银行间偿付规则》办理,则适用于下列条款:
i. An issuing bank must provide a reimbursing bank with a reimbursement authorization that conforms with the availability stated in the credit. The reimbursement authorization should not be subject to an expiry date.
i. 开证行必须向偿付行提供偿付授权书,该授权书须与信用证中声明的有效性一致。偿付授权书不应规定有效日期。
ii. A claiming bank shall not be required to supply a reimbursing bank with a certificate of compliance with the terms and conditions of the credit.
ii. 不应要求索偿行向偿付行提供证实单据与信用证条款及条件相符的证明。
iii. An issuing bank will be responsible for any loss of interest, together with any expenses incurred, if reimbursement is not provided on first demand by a reimbursing bank in accordance with the terms and conditions of the credit.
iii. 如果偿付行未能按照信用证的条款及条件在首次索偿时即行偿付,则开证行应对索偿行的利息损失以及产生的费用负责。
iv. A reimbursing bank's charges are for the account of the issuing bank. However, if the charges are for the account of the beneficiary, it is the responsibility of an issuing bank to so indicate in the credit and in the reimbursement authorization. If a reimbursing bank's charges are for the account of the beneficiary, they shall be deducted from the amount due to a claiming bank when reimbursement is made. If no reimbursement is made, the reimbursing bank's charges remain the obligation of the issuing bank.
iv. 偿付行的费用应由开证行承担。然而,如果费用系由受益人承担,则开证行有责任在信用证和偿付授权书中予以注明。如偿付行的费用系由受益人承担,则该费用应在偿付时从支付索偿行的金额中扣除。如果未发生偿付,开证行仍有义务承担偿付行的费用。
c. An issuing bank is not relieved of any of its obligations to provide reimbursement if reimbursement is not made by a reimbursing bank on first demand.
c. 如果偿付行未能于首次索偿时即行偿付,则开证行不能解除其自身的偿付责任。

Article 14 Standard for Examination of Documents
第十四条 审核单据的标准
a. A nominated bank acting on its nomination, a confirming bank, if any, and the issuing bank must examine a presentation to determine, on the basis of the documents alone, whether or not the documents appear on their face to constitute a complying presentation.
a. 按照指定行事的被指定银行、保兑行(如有)以及开证行必须对提示的单据进行审核,并仅以单据为基础,以决定单据在表面上看来是否构成相符提示。
b. A nominated bank acting on its nomination, a confirming bank, if any, and the issuing bank shall each have a maximum of five banking days following the day of presentation to determine if a presentation is complying. This period is not curtailed or otherwise affected by the occurrence on or after the date of presentation of any expiry date or last day for presentation.
b. 按照指定行事的被指定银行、保兑行(如有)以及开证行,自其收到提示单据的翌日起算,应各自拥有最多不超过五个银行工作日的时间以决定提示是否相符。该期限不因单据提示日适逢信用证有效期或最迟提示期或在其之后而被缩减或受到其它影响。
c. A presentation including one or more original transport documents subject to articles 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24 or 25 must be made by or on behalf of the beneficiary not later than 21 calendar days after the date of shipment as described in these rules, but in any event not later than the expiry date of the credit.
c. 提示若包含一份或多份按照本惯例第19条、20条、21条、22条、23条、24条或25条出具的正本运输单据,则必须由受益人或其代表按照相关条款在不迟于装运日后的二十一个公历日内提交,但无论如何不得迟于信用证的到期日。
d. Data in a document, when read in context with the credit, the document itself and international standard banking practice, need not be identical to, but must not conflict with, data in that document, any other stipulated document or the credit.
d. 单据中内容的描述不必与信用证、信用证对该项单据的描述以及国际标准银行实务完全一致,但不得与该项单据中的内容、其它规定的单据或信用证相冲突。
e. In documents other than the commercial invoice, the description of the goods, services or performance, if stated, may be in general terms not conflicting with their description in the credit.
e. 除商业发票外,其它单据中的货物、服务或行为描述若须规定,可使用统称,但不得与信用证规定的描述相矛盾。
f. If a credit requires presentation of a document other than a transport document, insurance document or commercial invoice, without stipulating by whom the document is to be issued or its data content, banks will accept the document as presented if its content appears to fulfil the function of the required document and otherwise complies with sub-article 14 (d).
f. 如果信用证要求提示运输单据、保险单据和商业发票以外的单据,但未规定该单据由何人出具或单据的内容。如信用证对此未 做规定,只要所提交单据的内容看来满足其功能需要且其它方面与十四条(d)款相符,银行将对提示的单据予以接受。
g. A document presented but not required by the credit will be disregarded and may be returned to the presenter.
g. 提示信用证中未要求提交的单据,银行将不予置理。如果收到此类单据,可以退还提示人。
h. If a credit contains a condition without stipulating the document to indicate compliance with the condition, banks will deem such condition as not stated and will disregard it.
h. 如果信用证中包含某项条件而未规定需提交与之相符的单据,银行将认为未列明此条件,并对此不予置理。
i. A document may be dated prior to the issuance date of the credit, but must not be dated later than its date of presentation.
i. 单据的出单日期可以早于信用证开立日期,但不得迟于信用证规定的提示日期。
j. When the addresses of the beneficiary and the applicant appear in any stipulated document, they need not be the same as those stated in the credit or in any other stipulated document, but must be within the same country as the respective addresses mentioned in the credit. Contact details (telefax, telephone, email and the like) stated as part of the beneficiary’s and the applicant’s address will be disregarded. However, when the address and contact details of the applicant appear as part of the consignee or notify party details on a transport document subject to articles 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24 or 25, they must be as stated in the credit.
j. 当受益人和申请人的地址显示在任何规定的单据上时,不必与信用证或其它规定单据中显示的地址相同,但必须与信用证中述及的各自地址处于同一国家内。用于联系的资料(电传、电话、电子邮箱及类似方式)如作为受益人和申请人地址的组成部分将被不予置理。然而,当申请人的地址及联系信息作为按照19条、20条、21条、22条、23条、24条或25条出具的运输单据中收货人或通知方详址的组成部分时,则必须按照信用证规定予以显示。
k. The shipper or consignor of the goods indicated on any document need not be the beneficiary of the credit.
k. 显示在任何单据中的货物的托运人或发货人不必是信用证的受益人。
l. A transport document may be issued by any party other than a carrier, owner, master or charterer provided that the transport document meets the requirements of articles 19, 20, 21, 22, 23 or 24 of these rules.
假如运输单据能够满足本惯例第19条、20条、21条、22条、23条或24条的要求,则运输单据可以由承运人、船东、船长或租船人以外的任何一方出具。

Article 15 Complying Presentation
第十五条 相符提示
a. When an issuing bank determines that a presentation is complying, it must honour.
a. 当开证行确定提示相符时,就必须予以兑付。
b. When a confirming bank determines that a presentation is complying, it must honour or negotiate and forward the documents to the issuing bank.
b. 当保兑行确定提示相符时,就必须予以兑付或议付并将单据寄往开证行。
c. When a nominated bank determines that a presentation is complying and honours or negotiates, it must forward the documents to the confirming bank or issuing bank.
c. 当被指定银行确定提示相符并予以兑付或议付时,必须将单据寄往保兑行或开证行。

Article 16 Discrepant Documents, Waiver and Notice
第十六条 不符单据及不符点的放弃与通知
a. When a nominated bank acting on its nomination, a confirming bank, if any, or the issuing bank determines that a presentation does not comply, it may refuse to honour or negotiate.
a. 当按照指定行事的被指定银行、保兑行(如有)或开证行确定提示不符时,可以拒绝兑付或议付。
b. When an issuing bank determines that a presentation does not comply, it may in its sole judgement approach the applicant for a waiver of the discrepancies. This does not, however, extend the period mentioned in sub-article 14 (b).
b. 当开证行确定提示不符时,可以依据其独立的判断联系申请人放弃有关不符点。然而,这并不因此延长14条(b)款中述及的期限。
c. When a nominated bank acting on its nomination, a confirming bank, if any, or the issuing bank decides to refuse to honour or negotiate, it must give a single notice to that effect to the presenter.
c. 当按照指定行事的被指定银行、保兑行(如有)或开证行决定拒绝兑付或议付时,必须一次性通知提示人。
The notice must state:
通知必须声明:
i.        that the bank is refusing to honour or negotiate; and
i. 银行拒绝兑付或议付;及
ii. each discrepancy in respect of which the bank refuses to honour or negotiate; and
ii. 银行凭以拒绝兑付或议付的各个不符点;及
iii. a) that the bank is holding the documents pending further instructions from the presenter; or
iii. a) 银行持有单据等候提示人进一步指示;或
b) that the issuing bank is holding the documents until it receives a waiver from the applicant and agrees to accept it, or receives further instructions from the presenter prior to agreeing to accept a waiver; or
b) 开证行持有单据直至收到申请人通知弃权并同意接受该弃权,或在同意接受弃权前从提示人处收到进一步指示;或
c) that the bank is returning the documents; or
c) 银行退回单据;或
d) that the bank is acting in accordance with instructions previously received from the presenter.
d) 银行按照先前从提示人处收到的指示行事。
d. The notice required in sub-article 16 (c) must be given by telecommunication or, if that is not possible, by other expeditious means no later than the close of the fifth banking day following the day of presentation.  
d. 第十六条(c)款中要求的通知必须以电讯方式发出,或者,如果不可能以电讯方式通知时,则以其它快捷方式通知,但不得迟于提示单据日期翌日起第五个银行工作日终了。
e. A nominated bank acting on its nomination, a confirming bank, if any, or the issuing bank may, after providing notice required by sub-article 16 (c) (iii) (a) or (b), return the documents to the presenter at any time.
e. 按照指定行事的被指定银行、保兑行(如有)或开证行可以在提供第十六条(c)款(iii)、(a)款或(b)款要求提供的通知后,于任何时间将单据退还提示人。
f. If an issuing bank or a confirming bank fails to act in accordance with the provisions of this article, it shall be precluded from claiming that the documents do not constitute a complying presentation.
f. 如果开证行或保兑行未能按照本条款的规定行事,将无权宣称单据未能构成相符提示。
g. When an issuing bank refuses to honour or a confirming bank refuses to honour or negotiate and has given notice to that effect in accordance with this article, it shall then be entitled to claim a refund, with interest, of any reimbursement made.
g. 当开证行拒绝兑付或保兑行拒绝兑付或议付,并已经按照本条款发出通知时,该银行将有权就已经履行的偿付索取退款及其利息。

Article 17 Original Documents and Copies
第十七条 正本单据和副本单据
a. At least one original of each document stipulated in the credit must be presented.
a. 信用证中规定的各种单据必须至少提供一份正本。
b. A bank shall treat as an original any document bearing an apparently original signature, mark, stamp, or label of the issuer of the document, unless the document itself indicates that it is not an original.
b. 除非单据本身表明其不是正本,银行将视任何单据表面上具有单据出具人正本签字、标志、图章或标签的单据为正本单据。
c. Unless a document indicates otherwise另外的, a bank will also accept a document as original if it:
c. 除非单据另有显示,银行将接受单据作为正本单据如果该单据:
i. appears to be written, typed, perforated or stamped by the document issuer’s hand; or
i. 表面看来由单据出具人手工书写、打字、穿孔签字或盖章;或
ii. appears to be on the document issuer’s original stationery; or
ii. 表面看来使用单据出具人的正本信笺;或
iii. states that it is original, unless the statement appears not to apply to the document presented.
iii. 声明单据为正本,除非该项声明表面看来与所提示的单据不符。
d. If a credit requires presentation of copies of documents, presentation of either originals or copies is permitted.
d. 如果信用证要求提交副本单据,则提交正本单据或副本单据均可。
e. If a credit requires presentation of multiple documents by using terms such as "in duplicate", "in two fold" or "in two copies", this will be satisfied by the presentation of at least one original and the remaining number in copies, except when the document itself indicates otherwise.
e. 如果信用证使用诸如“一式两份”、“两张”、“两份”等术语要求提交多份单据,则可以提交至少一份正本,其余份数以副本来满足。但单据本身另有相反指示者除外。

Article 18 Commercial Invoice
第十八条 商业发票
a. A commercial invoice:
a. 商业发票:
i. must appear to have been issued by the beneficiary (except as provided in article 38);  
i. 必须在表面上看来系由受益人出具(第三十八条另有规定者除外);
ii. must be made out in the name of the applicant (except as provided in sub-article 38 (g));
ii. 必须做成以申请人的名称为抬头(第三十八条(g)款另有规定者除外)
iii. must be made out in the same currency as the credit; and
iii. 必须将发票币别作成与信用证相同币种。
iv. need not be signed.
iv. 无须签字。
b. A nominated bank acting on its nomination, a confirming bank, if any, or the issuing bank may accept a commercial invoice issued for an amount in excess of the amount permitted by the credit, and its decision will be binding upon all parties, provided the bank in question has not honoured or negotiated for an amount in excess of that permitted by the credit.
b. 按照指定行事的被指定银行、保兑行(如有)或开证行可以接受金额超过信用证所允许金额的商业发票,倘若有关银行已兑付或已议付的金额没有超过信用证所允许的金额,则该银行的决定对各有关方均具有约束力。
c. The description of the goods, services or performance in a commercial invoice must correspond with that appearing in the credit.
c. 商业发票中货物、服务或行为的描述必须与信用证中显示的内容相符。

Article 19 Transport Document Covering at Least Two Different Modes of Transport
第十九条 至少包括两种不同运输方式的运输单据
a. A transport document covering at least two different modes of transport (multimodal or combined transport document), however named, must appear to:
a. 至少包括两种不同运输方式的运输单据(即多式运输单据或联合运输单据),不论其称谓如何,必须在表明上看来:
i. indicate the name of the carrier and be signed by:
i. 显示承运人名称并由下列人员签署:
&#8226; the carrier or a named agent for or on behalf of the carrier, or
&#61550;        承运人或承运人的具名代理或代表,或
&#8226; the master or a named agent for or on behalf of the master.
&#61550;        船长或船长的具名代理或代表。
Any signature by the carrier, master or agent must be identified as that of the carrier, master or agent.
承运人、船长或代理的任何签字必须分别表明承运人、船长或代理的身份。
Any signature by an agent must indicate whether the agent has signed for or on behalf of the carrier or for or on behalf of the master.
代理的签字必须显示其是否作为承运人或船长的代理或代表签署提单。
ii. indicate that the goods have been dispatched, taken in charge or shipped on board at the place stated in the credit, by:
ii. 通过下述方式表明货物已在信用证规定的地点发运、接受监管或装载
&#8226; pre-printed wording, or
预先印就的措词,或
&#8226; a stamp or notation indicating the date on which the goods have been dispatched, taken in charge or shipped on board.
注明货物已发运、接受监管或装载日期的图章或批注。
The date of issuance of the transport document will be deemed to be the date of dispatch, taking in charge or shipped on board, and the date of shipment. However, if the transport document indicates, by stamp or notation, a date of dispatch, taking in charge or shipped on board, this date will be deemed to be the date of shipment.
运输单据的出具日期将被视为发运、接受监管或装载以及装运日期。然而,如果运输单据以盖章或批注方式标明发运、接受监管或装载日期,则此日期将被视为装运日期。
iii. indicate the place of dispatch, taking in charge or shipment and the place of final destination stated in the credit, even if:  
iii. 显示信用证中规定的发运、接受监管或装载地点以及最终目的地的地点,即使:
a. the transport document states, in addition, a different place of dispatch, taking in charge or shipment or place of final destination, or
a. 运输单据另外显示了不同的发运、接受监管或装载地点或最终目的地的地点,或
b. the transport document contains the indication "intended" or similar qualification in relation to the vessel, port of loading or port of discharge.
b. 运输单据包含“预期”或类似限定有关船只、装货港或卸货港的指示。
iv. be the sole original transport document or, if issued in more than one original, be the full set as indicated on the transport document.
iv. 系仅有的一份正本运输单据,或者,如果出具了多份正本运输单据,应是运输单据中显示的全套正本份数。
v. contain terms and conditions of carriage or make reference to another source containing the terms and conditions of carriage (short form or blank back transport document). Contents of terms and conditions of carriage will not be examined.
v. 包含承运条件须参阅包含承运条件条款及条件的某一出处(简式或背面空白的运输单据)者,银行对此类承运条件的条款及条件内容不予审核。
vi. contain no indication that it is subject to a charter party.
vi. 未注明运输单据受租船合约约束。
b. For the purpose of this article, transhipment means unloading from one means of conveyance and reloading to another means of conveyance (whether or not in different modes of transport) during the carriage from the place of dispatch, taking in charge or shipment to the place of final destination stated in the credit.
b. 就本条款而言,转运意指货物在信用证中规定的发运、接受监管或装载地点到最终目的地的运输过程中,从一个运输工具卸下并重新装载到另一个运输工具上(无论是否为不同运输方式)的运输。
c. i. A transport document may indicate that the goods will or may be transhipped provided that the entire carriage is covered by one and the same transport document.
c. i. 只要同一运输单据包括运输全程,则运输单据可以注明货物将被转运或可被转运。.
ii. A transport document indicating that transhipment will or may take place is acceptable, even if the credit prohibits transhipment.
ii. 即使信用证禁止转运,银行也将接受注明转运将发生或可能发生的运输单据。

Article 20 Bill of Lading
第二十条 提单
a. A bill of lading, however named, must appear to:
a. 无论其称谓如何,提单必须表面上看来:
i. indicate the name of the carrier and be signed by:
i. 显示承运人名称并由下列人员签署:
&#8226; the carrier or a named agent for or on behalf of the carrier, or
&#61550;承运人或承运人的具名代理或代表,或
&#8226; the master or a named agent for or on behalf of the master.
&#61550;船长或船长的具名代理或代表。
Any signature by the carrier, master or agent must be identified as that of the carrier, master or agent.
承运人、船长或代理的任何签字必须分别表明其承运人、船长或代理的身份。
Any signature by an agent must indicate whether the agent has signed for or on behalf of the carrier or for or on behalf of the master.  
代理的签字必须显示其是否作为承运人或船长的代理或代表签署提单。
ii.        indicate that the goods have been shipped on board a named vessel at the port of loading stated in the credit by:
ii. 通过下述方式表明货物已在信用证规定的装运港装载上具名船只:
&#8226; pre-printed wording, or
预先印就的措词,或
&#8226; an on board notation indicating the date on which the goods have been shipped on board.
注明货物已装船日期的装船批注。
The date of issuance of the bill of lading will be deemed to be the date of shipment unless the bill of lading contains an on board notation indicating the date of shipment, in which case the date stated in the on board notation will be deemed to be the date of shipment.
提单的出具日期将被视为装运日期,除非提单包含注明装运日期的装船批注,在此情况下,装船批注中显示的日期将被视为装运日期。
If the bill of lading contains the indication "intended vessel" or similar qualification in relation to the name of the vessel, an on board notation indicating the date of shipment and the name of the actual vessel is required.
如果提单包含"预期船"字样或类似有关限定船只的词语时,装上具名船只必须由注明装运日期以及实际装运船只名称的装船批注来证实。
iii.        indicate shipment from the port of loading to the port of discharge stated in the credit.
iii. 注明装运从信用证中规定的装货港至卸货港。
If the bill of lading does not indicate the port of loading stated in the credit as the port of loading, or if it contains the indication “intended” or similar qualification in relation to the port of loading, an on board notation indicating the port of loading as stated in the credit, the date of shipment and the name of the vessel is required. This provision applies even when loading on board or shipment on a named vessel is indicated by pre-printed wording on the bill of lading.
如果提单未注明以信用证中规定的装货港作为装货港,或包含“预期”或类似有关限定装货港的标注者,则需要提供注明信用证中规定的装货港、装运日期以及船名的装船批注。即使提单上已注明印就的“已装船”或“已装具名船只”措词,本规定仍然适用。
iv. be the sole original bill of lading or, if issued in more than one original, be the full set as indicated on the bill of lading.
iv. 系仅有的一份正本提单,或者,如果出具了多份正本,应是提单中显示的全套正本份数。
iv.        contain terms and conditions of carriage or make reference to another source containing the terms and conditions of carriage (short form or blank back bill of lading). Contents of terms and conditions of carriage will not be examined.
Iv. 包含承运条件须参阅包含承运条件条款及条件的某一出处(简式或背面空白的提单)者,银行对此类承运条件的条款及条件内容不予审核。
vi. contain no indication that it is subject to a charter party.
vi. 未注明运输单据受租船合约约束。
b. For the purpose of this article, transhipment means unloading from one vessel and reloading to another vessel during the carriage from the port of loading to the port of discharge stated in the credit.
b. 就本条款而言,转运意指在信用证规定的装货港到卸货港之间的海运过程中,将货物由一艘船卸下再装上另一艘船的运输。
c. i. A bill of lading may indicate that the goods will or may be transhipped provided that the entire carriage is covered by one and the same bill of lading.  
c. i. 只要同一提单包括运输全程,则提单可以注明货物将被转运或可被转运。
ii. A bill of lading indicating that transhipment will or may take place is acceptable, even if the credit prohibits transhipment, if the goods have been shipped in a container, trailer or LASH barge as evidenced by the bill of lading.
ii. 银行可以接受注明将要发生或可能发生转运的提单。即使信用证禁止转运,只要提单上证实有关货物已由集装箱、拖车或子母船运输,银行仍可接受注明将要发生或可能发生转运的提单。
d. Clauses in a bill of lading stating that the carrier reserves the right to tranship will be disregarded.
d. 对于提单中包含的声明承运人保留转运权利的条款,银行将不予置理。

Article 21 Non-Negotiable Sea Waybill
第二十一条 非转让海运单
a. A non-negotiable sea waybill, however named, must appear to:
a. 无论其称谓如何,非转让海运单必须表面上看来:
i. indicate the name of the carrier and be signed by:
i. 显示承运人名称并由下列人员签署:
&#8226; the carrier or a named agent for or on behalf of the carrier, or
承运人或承运人的具名代理或代表,或
&#8226; the master or a named agent for or on behalf of the master.
船长或船长的具名代理或代表。
Any signature by the carrier, master or agent must be identified as that of the carrier, master or agent.
承运人、船长或代理的任何签字必须分别表明其承运人、船长或代理的身份。
Any signature by an agent must indicate whether the agent has signed for or on behalf of the carrier or for or on behalf of the master.
代理的签字必须显示其是否作为承运人或船长的代理或代表签署提单。
ii. indicate that the goods have been shipped on board a named vessel at the port of loading stated in the credit by:
ii. 通过下述方式表明货物已在信用证规定的装运港装载上具名船只:
&#8226; pre-printed wording, or
预先印就的措词,或
&#8226; an on board notation indicating the date on which the goods have been shipped on board.
注明货物已装船日期的装船批注。
The date of issuance of the non-negotiable sea waybill will be deemed to be the date of shipment unless the non-negotiable sea waybill contains an on board notation indicating the date of shipment, in which case the date stated in the on board notation will be deemed to be the date of shipment.
非转让海运单的出具日期将被视为装运日期,除非非转让海运单包含注明装运日期的装船批注,在此情况下,装船批注中显示的日期将被视为装运日期。
If the non-negotiable sea waybill contains the indication "intended vessel" or similar qualification in relation to the name of the vessel, an on board notation indicating the date of shipment and the name of the actual vessel is required.
如果非转让海运单包含"预期船"字样或类似有关限定船只的词语时,装上具名船只必须由注明装运日期以及实际装运船只名称的装船批注来证实。
iii. indicate shipment from the port of loading to the port of discharge stated in the credit.
iii. 注明装运从信用证中规定的装货港至卸货港。
If the non-negotiable sea waybill does not indicate the port of loading stated in the credit as the port of loading, or if it contains the indication “intended” or similar qualification in relation to the port of loading, an on board notation indicating the port of loading as stated in the credit, the date of shipment and the name of the vessel is required. This provision applies even when loading on board or shipment on a named vessel is indicated by pre-printed wording on the non-negotiable sea waybill.
如果非转让海运单未注明以信用证中规定的装货港作为装货港,或包含“预期”或类似有关限定装货港的标注者,则需要提供注明信用证中规定的装货港、装运日期以及船名的装船批注。即使非转让海运单上已注明印就的“已装船”或“已装具名船只”措词,本规定仍然适用。
iv. be the sole original non-negotiable sea waybill or, if issued in more than one original, be the full set as indicated on the non-negotiable sea waybill.
iv. 系仅有的一份正本非转让海运单,或者,如果出具了多份正本,应是非转让海运单中显示的全套正本份数。
v. contain terms and conditions of carriage or make reference to another source containing the terms and conditions of carriage (short form or blank back non-negotiable sea waybill). Contents of terms and conditions of carriage will not be examined.
v. 包含承运条件须参阅包含承运条件条款及条件的某一出处(简式或背面空白的提单)者,银行对此类承运条件的条款及条件内容不予审核。
vi. contain no indication that it is subject to a charter party.
vi. 未注明运输单据受租船合约约束。
b. For the purpose of this article, transhipment means unloading from one vessel and reloading to another vessel during the carriage from the port of loading to the port of discharge stated in the credit.
b. 就本条款而言,转运意指在信用证规定的装货港到卸货港之间的海运过程中,将货物由一艘船卸下再装上另一艘船的运输。
c. i. A non-negotiable sea waybill may indicate that the goods will or may be transhipped provided that the entire carriage is covered by one and the same non-negotiable sea waybill.
c. i. 只要同一非转让海运单包括运输全程,则非转让海运单可以注明货物将被转运或可被转运。
ii. A non-negotiable sea waybill indicating that transhipment will or may take place is acceptable, even if the credit prohibits transhipment, if the goods have been shipped in a container, trailer or LASH barge子母船 as evidenced by the non-negotiable sea waybill.
ii. 银行可以接受注明将要发生或可能发生转运的非转让海运单。即使信用证禁止转运,只要非转让海运单上证实有关货物已由集装箱、拖车或子母船运输,银行仍可接受注明将要发生或可能发生转运的非转让海运单。
d. Clauses in a non-negotiable sea waybill stating that the carrier reserves the right to tranship will be disregarded.
d. 对于非转让海运单中包含的声明承运人保留转运权利的条款,银行将不予置理。

Article 22 Charter Party Bill of Lading
第二十二条 租船合约提单
a. A bill of lading, however named, containing an indication that it is subject to a charter party (charter party bill of lading), must appear to:
a. 无论其称谓如何,倘若提单包含有提单受租船合约约束的指示(即租船合约提单),则必须在表面上看来:
i. be signed by:
i. 由下列当事方签署:
&#8226; the master or a named agent for or on behalf of the master, or
船长或船长的具名代理或代表,或
&#8226; the owner or a named agent for or on behalf of the owner, or
船东或船东的具名代理或代表,或
&#8226; the charterer or a named agent for or on behalf of the charterer.
租船主或租船主的具名代理或代表。
Any signature by the master, owner, charterer or agent must be identified as that of the master, owner, charterer or agent.  
船长、船东、租船主或代理的任何签字必须分别表明其船长、船东、租船主或代理的身份。
Any signature by an agent must indicate whether the agent has signed for or on behalf of the master, owner or charterer.
代理的签字必须显示其是否作为船长、船东或租船主的代理或代表签署提单。
An agent signing for or on behalf of the owner or charterer must indicate the name of the owner or charterer.
代理人代理或代表船东或租船主签署提单时必须注明船东或租船主的名称。
ii. indicate that the goods have been shipped on board a named vessel at the port of loading stated in the credit by:
ii. 通过下述方式表明货物已在信用证规定的装运港装载上具名船只:
&#8226; pre-printed wording, or
预先印就的措词,或
&#8226; an on board notation indicating the date on which the goods have been shipped on board.
注明货物已装船日期的装船批注。
The date of issuance of the charter party bill of lading will be deemed to be the date of shipment unless the charter party bill of lading contains an on board notation indicating the date of shipment, in which case the date stated in the on board notation will be deemed to be the date of shipment.
租船合约提单的出具日期将被视为装运日期,除非租船合约提单包含注明装运日期的装船批注,在此情况下,装船批注中显示的日期将被视为装运日期。
iii. indicate shipment from the port of loading to the port of discharge stated in the credit. The port of discharge may also be shown as a range of ports or a geographical area, as stated in the credit.
iii. 注明货物由信用证中规定的装货港运输至卸货港。卸货港可以按信用证中的规定显示为一组港口或某个地理区域。
iv. be the sole original charter party bill of lading or, if issued in more than one original, be the full set as indicated on the charter party bill of lading.
iv. 系仅有的一份正本租船合约提单,或者,如果出具了多份正本,应是租船合约提单中显示的全套正本份数。
b. A bank will not examine charter party contracts, even if they are required to be presented by the terms of the credit.
b. 即使信用证中的条款要求提交租船合约,银行也将对该租船合约不予审核。

Article 23 Air Transport Document
第二十三条 空运单据
a. An air transport document, however named, must appear to:
a. 无论其称谓如何,空运单据必须在表面上看来:
i. indicate the name of the carrier and be signed by:
i. 注明承运人名称并由下列当事方签署:
&#8226; the carrier, or
承运人,或
&#8226; a named agent for or on behalf of the carrier.
承运人的具名代理或代表。
Any signature by the carrier or agent must be identified as that of the carrier or agent.
承运人或代理的任何签字必须分别表明其承运人或代理的身份。
Any signature by an agent must indicate that the agent has signed for or on behalf of the carrier.
代理的签字必须显示其是否作为承运人的代理或代表签署空运单据。
ii. indicate that the goods have been accepted for carriage.
ii. 注明货物已收妥待运。
iii. indicate the date of issuance. This date will be deemed to be the date of shipment unless the air transport document contains a specific notation of the actual date of shipment, in which case the date stated in the notation will be deemed to be the date of shipment.
iii. 注明出具日期。这一日期将被视为装运日期,除非空运单据包含注有实际装运日期的专项批注,在此种情况下,批注中显示的日期将被视为装运日期。
Any other information appearing on the air transport document relative to the flight number and date will not be considered in determining the date of shipment.
空运单据显示的其它任何与航班号和起飞日期有关的信息不能被视为装运日期。
iv. indicate the airport of departure and the airport of destination stated in the credit.
Iv.表明信用证规定的起飞机场和目的地机场
v. be the original for consignor or shipper, even if the credit stipulates a full set of originals.
v.为开给发货人或拖运人的正本,即使信用证规定提交全套正本。
vi. contain terms and conditions of carriage or make reference to another source containing the terms and conditions of carriage. Contents of terms and conditions of carriage will not be examined.
Vi.载有承运条款和条件,或提示条款和条件参见别处。银行将不审核承运条款和条件的内容
b. For the purpose of this article, transhipment means unloading from one aircraft and reloading to another aircraft during the carriage from the airport of departure to the airport of destination stated in the credit.
b.就本条而言,转运是指在信用证规定的起飞机场到目的地机场的运输过程中,将货物从一飞机卸下再装上另一飞机的行为。
c. i. An air transport document may indicate that the goods will or may be transhipped, provided that the entire carriage is covered by one and the same air transport document.
c.i.空运单据可以注明货物将要或可能转运,只要全程运输由同一空运单据涵盖。
ii. An air transport document indicating that transhipment will or may take place is acceptable, even if the credit prohibits transhipment.
ii.即使信用证禁止转运,注明将要或可能发生转运的空运单据仍可接受。

Article 24 Road, Rail or Inland Waterway Transport Documents
第二十四条公路、铁路或内陆水运单据
a. A road, rail or inland waterway transport document, however named, must appear to:
a.公路、铁路或内陆水运单据,无论名称如何,必须看似:
i. indicate the name of the carrier and:
i.表明承运人名称,并且
&#8226; be signed by the carrier or a named agent for or on behalf of the carrier, or
。由承运人或其具名代理人签署,或者
&#8226; indicate receipt of the goods by signature, stamp or notation by the carrier or a named agent for or on behalf of the carrier.
。由承运人或其具名代理人以签字、印戳或批注表明货物收讫。
Any signature, stamp or notation of receipt of the goods by the carrier or agent must be identified as that of the carrier or agent.
承运人或其具名代理人的售货签字、印戳或批注必须标明其承运人或代理人的身份。
Any signature, stamp or notation of receipt of the goods by the agent must indicate that the agent has signed or acted for or on behalf of the carrier.
代理人的收获签字、印戳或批注必须标明代理人系代表承运人签字或行事。
If a rail transport document does not identify the carrier, any signature or stamp of the railway company will be accepted as evidence of the document being signed by the carrier.
如果铁路运输单据没有指明承运人,可以接受铁路运输公司的任何签字或印戳作为承运人签署单据的证据。
ii. indicate the date of shipment or the date the goods have been received for shipment, dispatch or carriage at the place stated in the credit. Unless the transport document contains a dated reception、stamp, an indication of the date of receipt or a date of shipment, the date of issuance of the transport document will be deemed to be the date of shipment.
ii.表明货物在信用证规定地点的发运日期,或者收讫代运或代发送的日期。运输单据的出具日期将被视为发运日期,除非运输单据上盖有带日期的收货印戳,或注明了收货日期或发运日期。
iii. indicate the place of shipment and the place of destination stated in the credit.
Iii.表明信用证规定的发运地及目的地。
b. i. A road transport document must appear to be the original for consignor or shipper or bear no marking indicating for whom the document has been prepared.
b.i.公路运输单据必须看似为开给发货人或托运人的正本,或没有认可标记表明单据开给何人。
ii. A rail transport document marked “duplicate” will be accepted as an original.
ii.注明“第二联”的铁路运输单据将被作为正本接受。
iii. A rail or inland waterway transport document will be accepted as an original whether marked as an original or not.
iii.无论是否注明正本字样,铁路或内陆水运单据都被作为正本接受。
c. In the absence of an indication on the transport document as to the number of originals issued, the number presented will be deemed to constitute a full set.
c.如运输单据上未注明出具的正本数量,提交的分数即视为全套正本。
d. For the purpose of this article, transhipment means unloading from one means of conveyance and reloading to another means of conveyance, within the same mode of transport, during the carriage from the place of shipment, dispatch or carriage to the place of destination stated in the credit.
d.就本条而言,转运是指在信用证规定的发运、发送或运送的地点到目的地之间的运输过程中,在同一运输方式中从一运输工具卸下再装上另一运输工具的行为。
e. i. A road, rail or inland waterway transport document may indicate that the goods will or may be transhipped provided that the entire carriage is covered by one and the same transport document.
e.i.只要全程运输由同一运输单据涵盖,公路、铁路或内陆水运单据可以注明货物将要或可能被转运。
ii. A road, rail or inland waterway transport document indicating that transhipment will or may take place is acceptable, even if the credit prohibits transhipment.
ii.即使信用证禁止转运,注明将要或可能发生转运的公路、铁路或内陆水运单据仍可接受。

Article 25 Courier Receipt, Post Receipt or Certificate of Posting
第二十五条 快递收据、邮政收据或投邮证明
a. A courier receipt, however named, evidencing receipt of goods for transport, must appear to:  
a.证明货物收讫待运的快递收据,无论名称如何,必须看似:
i. indicate the name of the courier service and be stamped or signed by the named courier service at the place from which the credit states the goods are to be shipped; and
i.表明快递机构的名称,并在信用证规定的货物发运地点由该具名快递机构盖章或签字;并且
ii. indicate a date of pick-up or of receipt or wording to this effect. This date will be deemed to be the date of shipment.
ii.表明取件或收件的日期或类似词语。该日期将被视为发运日期。
b. A requirement that courier charges are to be paid or prepaid may be satisfied by a transport document issued by a courier service evidencing that courier charges are for the account of a party other than the consignee.
b.如果要求显示快递费用付讫或预付,快递机构出具的表明快递费由收货人以外的一方支付的运输单据可以满足该项要求。
c. A post receipt or certificate of posting, however named, evidencing receipt of goods for transport, must appear to be stamped or signed and dated at the place from which the credit states the goods are to be shipped. This date will be deemed to be the date of shipment.
c.证明货物收讫待运的邮政收据或投邮证明,无论名称如何,必须看似在信用证规定的货物发运地点盖章或签署并注明日期。该日期将被视为发运日期。

Article 26 "On Deck", "Shipper's Load and Count", “Said by Shipper to Contain” and Charges Additional to Freight
第二十六条 “货装舱面”、“托运人装载和计数”、“内容据托运人报称”及运费之外的费用
a. A transport document must not indicate that the goods are or will be loaded on deck. A clause on a transport document stating that the goods may be loaded on deck is acceptable.
a.运输单据不得表明货物装于或者将装于舱面。声明货物可能被装于舱面的运输单据条款可以接受。
b. A transport document bearing a clause such as "shipper's load and count" and "said by shipper to contain" is acceptable.
b.载有诸如“托运人装载和计数”或“内容据托运人报称”条款的运输单据可以接受。
c. A transport document may bear a reference, by stamp or otherwise, to charges additional to the freight.
c.运输单据上可以以印戳或其他方式提及运费之外的费用。

Article 27 Clean Transport Document
第二十七条 清洁运输单据
A bank will only accept a clean transport document. A clean transport document is one bearing no clause or notation expressly declaring a defective condition of the goods or their packaging. The word “clean” need not appear on a transport document, even if a credit has a requirement for that transport document to be “clean on board”.
银行只接受清洁运输单据。清洁运输单据指未载有明确宣称货物或包装有缺陷的条款或批注的运输单据。“清洁”一词并不需要在运输单据上出现,即使信用证要求运输单据为“清洁已装船”的。

Article 28 Insurance Document and Coverage
第二十八条 保险单据及保险范围
a. An insurance document, such as an insurance policy, an insurance certificate or a declaration under an open cover, must appear to be issued and signed by an insurance company, an underwriter or their agents or their proxies.
a.保险单据,例如保险单或预约保险项下的保险证明书或者声明书,必须看似由保险公司或承保人或其代理人或代表出具并签署。
Any signature by an agent or proxy must indicate whether the agent or proxy has signed for or on behalf of the insurance company or underwriter.
代理人或代表的签字必须标明其系代表保险公司或承保人签字。
b. When the insurance document indicates that it has been issued in more than one original, all originals must be presented.
b.如果保险单据表明其以多份正本出具,所有正本均须提交。
c. Cover notes will not be accepted.
c.暂保单将不被接受。
d. An insurance policy is acceptable in lieu of an insurance certificate or a declaration under an open cover.
d.可以接受保险单代替预约保险项下的保险证明书或声明书。
e. The date of the insurance document must be no later than the date of shipment, unless it appears from the insurance document that the cover is effective from a date not later than the date of shipment.
e.保险单据日期不得晚于发运日期,除非保险单据表明保险责任不迟于发运日生效。
f. i. The insurance document must indicate the amount of insurance coverage and be in the same currency as the credit.
f.i.保险单据必须表明投保金额并以与信用证相同的货币表示。
ii. A requirement in the credit for insurance coverage to be for a percentage of the value of the goods, of the invoice value or similar is deemed to be the minimum amount of coverage required.
Ii.信用证对于投保金额为货物价值、发票金额或类似金额的某一比例的要求,将被视为对最低保额的要求。
If there is no indication in the credit of the insurance coverage required, the amount of insurance coverage must be at least 110% of the CIF or CIP value of the goods.
如果信用证对投保金额未作规定,投保金额须至少为货物的CIF或CIP价格的110%。
When the CIF or CIP value cannot be determined from the documents, the amount of insurance coverage must be calculated on the basis of the amount for which honour or negotiation is requested or the gross value of the goods as shown on the invoice, whichever is greater.
如果从单据中不能确定CIF或者CIP价格,投保金额必须基于要求承付或议付的金额,或者基于发票上显示的货物总值来计算,两者之中取金额较高者。
iii. The insurance document must indicate that risks are covered at least between the place of taking in charge or shipment and the place of discharge or final destination as stated in the credit.
iii.保险单据须标明承包的风险区间至少涵盖从信用证规定的货物监管地或发运地开始到卸货地或最终目的地为止。
g. A credit should state the type of insurance required and, if any, the additional risks to be covered. An insurance document will be accepted without regard to any risks that are not covered if the credit uses imprecise terms such as “usual risks” or “customary risks”.
g.信用证应规定所需投保的险别及附加险(如有的话)。如果信用证使用诸如“通常风险”或“惯常风险”等含义不确切的用语,则无论是否有漏保之风险,保险单据将被照样接受。
h. When a credit requires insurance against “all risks” and an insurance document is presented containing any “all risks” notation or clause, whether or not bearing the heading “all risks”, the insurance document will be accepted without regard to any risks stated to be excluded.
h.当信用证规定投保“一切险”时,如保险单据载有任何“一切险”批注或条款,无论是否有“一切险”标题,均将被接受,即使其声明任何风险除外。
i. An insurance document may contain reference to any exclusion clause.
i.保险单据可以援引任何除外责任条款 。
j. An insurance document may indicate that the cover is subject to a franchise or excess (deductible).  
j.保险单据可以注明受免赔率或免赔额(减除额)约束。

Article 29 Extension of Expiry Date or Last Day for Presentation
第二十九条 截止日或最迟交单日的顺延
a. If the expiry date of a credit or the last day for presentation falls on a day when the bank to which presentation is to be made is closed for reasons other than those referred to in article 36, the expiry date or the last day for presentation, as the case may be, will be extended to the first following banking day.
a.如果信用证的截至日或最迟交单日适逢接受交单的银行非因第三十六条所述原因而歇业,则截止日或最迟交单日,视何者适用,将顺延至其重新开业的第一个银行工作日。
b. If presentation is made on the first following banking day, a nominated bank must provide the issuing bank or confirming bank with a statement on its covering schedule that the presentation was made within the time limits extended in accordance with sub-article 29 (a).
b.如果在顺延后的第一个银行工作日交单,指定银行必须在其致开证行或保兑行的面涵中声明交单是在根据第二十九条a款顺延的期限内提交的。
c. The latest date for shipment will not be extended as a result of sub-article 29 (a).
c.最迟发运日不因第二十九条a款规定的原因而顺延。

Article 30 Tolerance in Credit Amount, Quantity and Unit Prices
第三十条 信用证金额、数量与单价的增减幅度
a. The words "about" or "approximately" used in connection with the amount of the credit or the quantity or the unit price stated in the credit are to be construed as allowing a tolerance not to exceed 10% more or 10% less than the amount, the quantity or the unit price to which they refer.
a.“约”或“大约”用语信用证金额或信用证规定的数量或单价时,应解释为允许有关金额或数量或单价有不超过10%的增减幅度。
b. A tolerance not to exceed 5% more or 5% less than the quantity of the goods is allowed, provided the credit does not state the quantity in terms of a stipulated number of packing units or individual items and the total amount of the drawings does not exceed the amount of the credit.
b.在信用证未以包装单位件数或货物自身件数的方式规定货物数量时,货物数量允许有5%的增减幅度,只要总支取金额不超过信用证金额。
c. Even when partial shipments are not allowed, a tolerance not to exceed 5% less than the amount of the credit is allowed, provided that the quantity of the goods, if stated in the credit, is shipped in full and a unit price, if stated in the credit, is not reduced or that sub-article 30 (b) is not applicable. This tolerance does not apply when the credit stipulates a specific tolerance or uses the expressions referred to in sub-article 30 (a).
c.如果信用证规定了货物数量,而该数量已全部发运,及如果信用证规定了单价,而该单价又未降低,或当第三十条b款不适用时,则即使不允许部分装运,也允许支取的金额有5%的减幅。若信用证规定有特定的增减幅度或使用第三十条a款提到的用语限定数量,则该减幅不适用。

Article 31 Partial Drawings or Shipments
第三十一条 分批支款或分批装运
a. Partial drawings or shipments are allowed.
a.允许分批支款或分批装运
b. A presentation consisting of more than one set of transport documents evidencing shipment commencing on the same means of conveyance and for the same journey, provided they indicate the same destination, will not be regarded as covering a partial shipment, even if they indicate different dates of shipment or different ports of loading, places of taking in charge or dispatch. If the presentation consists of more than one set of transport documents, the latest date of shipment as evidenced on any of the sets of transport documents will be regarded as the date of shipment.
b.表明使用同一运输工具并经由同次航程运输的数套运输单据在同一次提交时,只要显示相同目的地,将不视为部分发运,即使运输单据上标明的发运日期不通或装卸港、接管地或发送地点不同。如果交单由数套运输单据构成,其中最晚的一个发运日将被视为发运日。
A presentation consisting of one or more sets of transport documents evidencing shipment on more than one means of conveyance within the same mode of transport will be regarded as covering a partial shipment, even if the means of conveyance leave on the same day for the same destination.
含有一套或数套运输单据的交单,如果表明在同一种运输方式下经由数件运输工具运输,即使运输工具在同一天出发运往同一目的地,仍将被视为部分发运。
c. A presentation consisting of more than one courier receipt, post receipt or certificate of posting will not be regarded as a partial shipment if the courier receipts, post receipts or certificates of posting appear to have been stamped or signed by the same courier or postal service at the same place and date and for the same destination.
c.含有一份以上快递收据、邮政收据或投邮证明的交单,如果单据看似由同一块地或邮政机构在同一地点和日期加盖印戳或签字并且表明同一目的地,将不视为部分发运。

Article 32 Instalment Drawings or Shipments
第三十二条 分期支款或分期装运
If a drawing or shipment by instalments within given periods is stipulated in the credit and any instalment is not drawn or shipped within the period allowed for that instalment, the credit ceases to be available for that and any subsequent instalment.
如信用证规定在指定的时间段内分期支款或分期发运,任何一期未按信用证规定期限支取或发运时,信用证对该期及以后各期均告失效。

Article 33 Hours of Presentation
第三十三条 交单时间
A bank has no obligation to accept a presentation outside of its banking hours.
银行在其营业时间外无接受交单的义务。

Article 34 Disclaimer on Effectiveness of Documents
第三十四条 关于单据有效性的免责
A bank assumes no liability or responsibility for the form, sufficiency, accuracy, genuineness, falsification or legal effect of any document, or for the general or particular conditions stipulated in a document or superimposed thereon; nor does it assume any liability or responsibility for the description, quantity, weight, quality, condition, packing, delivery, value or existence of the goods, services or other performance represented by any document, or for the good faith or acts or omissions, solvency, performance or standing of the consignor, the carrier, the forwarder, the consignee or the insurer of the goods or any other person.
银行对任何单据的形式、充分性、准确性、内容真实性、虚假性或法律效力,或对单据中规定或添加的一般或特殊条件,概不负责;银行对任何单据所代表的货物、服务或其他履约行为的描述、数量、重量、品质、状况、包装、交付、价值或其存在与否,或对发货人、承运人、货运代理人、收货人、货物的保险人或其他任何人的诚信与否,作为或不作为、清偿能力、履约或资信状况,也概不负责。

Article 35 Disclaimer on Transmission and Translation
第三十五条 关于信息传递和翻译的免责
A bank assumes no liability or responsibility for the consequences arising out of delay, loss in transit, mutilation or other errors arising in the transmission of any messages or delivery of letters or documents, when such messages, letters or documents are transmitted or sent according to the requirements stated in the credit, or when the bank may have taken the initiative in the choice of the delivery service in the absence of such instructions in the credit.
当报文、信件或单据按照信用证的要求传输或发送时,或当信用证未作指示,银行自行选择传送服务时,银行对报文传输或信件或单据的递送过程中发生的延误、中途遗失、残缺或其他错误产生的后果,概不负责。
If a nominated bank determines that a presentation is complying and forwards the documents to the issuing bank or confirming bank, whether or not the nominated bank has honoured or negotiated, an issuing bank or confirming bank must honour or negotiate, or reimburse that nominated bank, even when the documents have been lost in transit between the nominated bank and the issuing bank or confirming bank, or between the confirming bank and the issuing bank.
如果指定银行确定交单相符并将单据发往开证行或保兑行。无论指定的银行是否已经承付或议付,开证行或保兑行必须承付或议付,或偿付指定银行,即使单据在指定银行送往开证行或保兑行的途中,或保兑行送往开证行的途中丢失。
A bank assumes no liability or responsibility for errors in translation or interpretation of technical terms and may transmit credit terms without translating them.
银行对技术术语的翻译或解释上的错误,不负责任,并可不加翻译地传送信用证条款。

Article 36 Force Majeure
第三十六条 不可抗力
A bank assumes no liability or responsibility for the consequences arising out of the interruption of its business by Acts of God, riots, civil commotions, insurrections, wars, acts of terrorism, or by any strikes or lockouts or any other causes beyond its control.
银行对由于天灾、暴动、骚乱、叛乱、战争、恐怖主义行为或任何罢工、停工或其无法控制的任何其他原因导致的营业中断的后果,概不负责。
A bank will not, upon resumption of its business, honour or negotiate under a credit that expired during such interruption of its business.
银行恢复营业时,对于在营业中断期间已逾期的信用证,不再进行承付或议付。

Article 37 Disclaimer for Acts of an Instructed Party
第三十七条 关于被指示方行为的免责
a. A bank utilizing the services of another bank for the purpose of giving effect to the instructions of the applicant does so for the account and at the risk of the applicant.
a.为了执行申请人的指示,银行利用其他银行的服务,其费用和风险由申请人承担。
b. An issuing bank or advising bank assumes no liability or responsibility should the instructions it transmits to another bank not be carried out, even if it has taken the initiative in the choice of that other bank.
b.即使银行自行选择了其他银行,如果发出指示未被执行,开证行或通知行对此亦不负责。
c. A bank instructing another bank to perform services is liable for any commissions, fees, costs or expenses (“charges”) incurred by that bank in connection with its instructions.
c.指示另一银行提供服务的银行有责任负担被执释放因执行指示而发生的任何佣金、手续费、成本或开支(“费用”)。
If a credit states that charges are for the account of the beneficiary and charges cannot be collected or deducted from proceeds, the issuing bank remains liable for payment of charges.
如果信用证规定费用由受益人负担,而该费用未能收取或从信用证款项中扣除,开证行依然承担支付此费用的责任。
A credit or amendment should not stipulate that the advising to a beneficiary is conditional upon the receipt by the advising bank or second advising bank of its charges.
信用证或其修改不应规定向受益人的通知以通知行或第二通知行收到其费用为条件。
d. The applicant shall be bound by and liable to indemnify a bank against all obligations and responsibilities imposed by foreign laws and usages.
d.外国法律和惯例加诸于银行的一切义务和责任,申请人应受其约束,并就此对银行负补偿之责。

Article 38 Transferable Credits
第三十八条 可转让信用证
a. A bank is under no obligation to transfer a credit except to the extent and in the manner expressly consented to by that bank.
a. 银行无办理转让信用证的义务,除非该银行明确同意其转让范围和转让方式。
b. For the purpose of this article:  
b. 就本条款而言:
Transferable credit means a credit that specifically states it is “transferable”. A transferable credit may be made available in whole or in part to another beneficiary (“second beneficiary”) at the request of the beneficiary (“first beneficiary”).
转让信用证意指明确表明其“可以转让”的信用证。根据受益人(“第一受益人”)的请求,转让信用证可以被全部或部分地转让给其他受益人(“第二受益人”)。
Transferring bank means a nominated bank that transfers the credit or, in a credit available with any bank, a bank that is specifically authorized by the issuing bank to transfer and that transfers the credit. An issuing bank may be a transferring bank.
转让银行意指办理信用证转让的被指定银行,或者,在适用于任何银行的信用证中,转让银行是由开证行特别授权并办理转让信用证的银行。开证行也可担任转让银行。
Transferred credit means a credit that has been made available by the transferring bank to a second beneficiary.
转让信用证意指经转让银行办理转让后可供第二受益人使用的信用证。
c. Unless otherwise agreed at the time of transfer, all charges (such as commissions, fees, costs or expenses) incurred in respect of a transfer must be paid by the first beneficiary.
c. 除非转让时另有约定,所有因办理转让而产生的费用(诸如佣金、手续费、成本或开支)必须由第一受益人支付。
d. A credit may be transferred in part to more than one second beneficiary provided partial drawings or shipments are allowed.
d. 倘若信用证允许分批支款或分批装运,信用证可以被部分地转让给一个以上的第二受益人。
A transferred credit cannot be transferred at the request of a second beneficiary to any subsequent beneficiary. The first beneficiary is not considered to be a subsequent beneficiary.
第二受益人不得要求将信用证转让给任何次序位居其后的其他受益人。第一受益人不属于此类其他受益人之列。
e. Any request for transfer must indicate if and under what conditions amendments may be advised to the second beneficiary. The transferred credit must clearly indicate those conditions.
e. 任何有关转让的申请必须指明是否以及在何种条件下可以将修改通知第二受益人。转让信用证必须明确指明这些条件。
f. If a credit is transferred to more than one second beneficiary, rejection of an amendment by one or more second beneficiary does not invalidate the acceptance by any other second beneficiary, with respect to which the transferred credit will be amended accordingly. For any second beneficiary that rejected the amendment, the transferred credit will remain unamended.
f. 如果信用证被转让给一个以上的第二受益人,其中一个或多个第二受益人拒绝接受某个信用证修改并不影响其他第二受益人接受修改。对于接受修改的第二受益人而言,信用证已做相应的修改;对于拒绝接受修改的第二受益人而言,该转让信用证仍未被修改。
g. The transferred credit must accurately reflect the terms and conditions of the credit, including confirmation, if any, with the exception of:
g. 转让信用证必须准确转载原证的条款及条件,包括保兑(如有),但下列项目除外:
- the amount of the credit,
-信用证金额,
- any unit price stated therein,
-信用证规定的任何单价,
- the expiry date,
-到期日,
- the period for presentation, or
-单据提示期限
- the latest shipment date or given period for shipment,
-最迟装运日期或规定的装运期间。
any or all of which may be reduced or curtailed.  
以上任何一项或全部均可减少或缩短。
The percentage for which insurance cover must be effected may be increased to provide the amount of cover stipulated in the credit or these articles.
必须投保的保险金额的投保比例可以增加,以满足原信用证或本惯例规定的投保金额。
The name of the first beneficiary may be substituted for that of the applicant in the credit.
可以用第一受益人的名称替换原信用证中申请人的名称。
If the name of the applicant is specifically required by the credit to appear in any document other than the invoice, such requirement must be reflected in the transferred credit.
如果原信用证特别要求开证申请人名称应在除发票以外的任何单据中出现时,则转让信用证必须反映出该项要求。
h. The first beneficiary has the right to substitute its own invoice and draft, if any, for those of a second beneficiary for an amount not in excess of that stipulated in the credit, and upon such substitution the first beneficiary can draw under the credit for the difference, if any, between its invoice and the invoice of a second beneficiary.
h. 第一受益人有权以自己的发票和汇票(如有),替换第二受益人的发票和汇票(如有),其金额不得超过原信用证的金额。在如此办理单据替换时,第一受益人可在原信用证项下支取自己发票与第二受益人发票之间产生的差额(如有)。
i. If the first beneficiary is to present its own invoice and draft, if any, but fails to do so on first demand, or if the invoices presented by the first beneficiary create discrepancies that did not exist in the presentation made by the second beneficiary and the first beneficiary fails to correct them on first demand, the transferring bank has the right to present the documents as received from the second beneficiary to the issuing bank, without further responsibility to the first beneficiary.
i. 如果第一受益人应当提交其自己的发票和汇票(如有),但却未能在收到第一次要求时照办;或第一受益人提交的发票导致了第二受益人提示的单据中本不存在的不符点,而其未能在收到第一次要求时予以修正,则转让银行有权将其从第二受益人处收到的单据向开证行提示,并不再对第一受益人负责。
j. The first beneficiary may, in its request for transfer, indicate that honour or negotiation is to be effected to a second beneficiary at the place to which the credit has been transferred, up to and including the expiry date of the credit. This is without prejudice to the right of the first beneficiary in accordance with sub-article 38 (h).
j. 第一受益人可以在其提出转让申请时,表明可在信用证被转让的地点,在原信用证的到期日之前(包括到期日)向第二受益人予以兑付或议付。本条款并不损害第一受益人在第三十八条(h)款下的权利。
k. Presentation of documents by or on behalf of a second beneficiary must be made to the transferring bank.
k.由第二受益人或代表第二受益人提交的单据必须向转让银行提示。

Article 39 Assignment of Proceeds
第三十九条 款项让渡
The fact that a credit is not stated to be transferable shall not affect the right of the beneficiary to assign any proceeds to which it may be or may become entitled under the credit, in accordance with the provisions of applicable law. This article relates only to the assignment of proceeds and not to the assignment of the right to perform under the credit.  
信用证未表明可转让,并不影响受益人根据所适用的法律规定,将其在该信用证项下有权获得的款项让渡与他人的权利。本条款所涉及的仅是款项的让渡,而不是信用证项下执行权力的让渡。  

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